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Antibodies in celiac disease: implications beyond diagnostics

Abstract

Celiac disease is a multisystemic dietary, gluten-induced autoimmune disorder characterized by the presence of transglutaminase (TG) 2 serum autoantibodies. Distinct autoantibodies targeting members of the TG family (TG2, TG3 and TG6) are found deposited in small-bowel mucosa and in extraintestinal tissues affected by the disease. Serum autoantibodies against other self-antigens also emerge in untreated celiac disease patients. Although villous atrophy and crypt hyperplasia in small-bowel biopsy samples are still the gold standards in diagnostics, celiac disease-specific antibodies are widely used as diagnostic aids. Gluten-induced small-bowel mucosal T-cell response is the cornerstone in the pathogenesis of the disorder, but humoral immunity may also play a central role. This review article is focused on the autoantibodies that occur in the context of celiac disease. The article summarizes the diagnostic utility of different celiac-related antibodies and discusses their roles in the pathogenesis of the disease.

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Acknowledgements

Celiac Disease Study Group has been financially supported by the Academy of Finland, the Sigrid Juselius Fundation, the Pediatric Research Foundation, the Competitive Research Funding of Tampere University Hospital and the European Commission IAPP frant TRANSCOM (contract number PIA-GA-2010-251506).

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Caja, S., Mäki, M., Kaukinen, K. et al. Antibodies in celiac disease: implications beyond diagnostics. Cell Mol Immunol 8, 103–109 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1038/cmi.2010.65

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