The transcription factor TOX epigenetically reprograms CD8+ T cells to drive T cell exhaustion during chronic infection and cancer. Although they are necessary for T cell persistence, these changes contribute to diminished anti-tumor function in exhausted cells.
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution
Relevant articles
Open Access articles citing this article.
-
Focus on T cell exhaustion: new advances in traditional Chinese medicine in infection and cancer
Chinese Medicine Open Access 24 June 2023
-
Tox4 regulates transcriptional elongation and reinitiation during murine T cell development
Communications Biology Open Access 07 June 2023
-
Orthogonal cytokine engineering enables novel synthetic effector states escaping canonical exhaustion in tumor-rejecting CD8+ T cells
Nature Immunology Open Access 20 April 2023
Access options
Access Nature and 54 other Nature Portfolio journals
Get Nature+, our best-value online-access subscription
$29.99 / 30 days
cancel any time
Subscribe to this journal
Receive 12 print issues and online access
$209.00 per year
only $17.42 per issue
Buy this article
- Purchase on Springer Link
- Instant access to full article PDF
Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout
References
Scott, A.C. et al. Nature https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1324-y (2019).
Khan, O. et al. Nature https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1325-x (2019).
Alfei, F. et al. Nature https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1326-9 (2019).
Yao, C. et al. Nat. Immunol. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-019-0403-4 (2019).
Seo, H. et al. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1905675116 (2019).
Wherry, E. J. & Kurachi, M. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 15, 486–499 (2015).
Paley, M. A. et al. Science 338, 1220–1225 (2012).
Im, S. J. et al. Nature 537, 417–421 (2016).
Pauken, K. E. et al. Science 354, 1160–1165 (2016).
Ghoneim, H. E. et al. Cell 170, 142–157.e19 (2017).
Zhou, X. et al. Immunity 33, 229–240 (2010).
Siddiqui, I. et al. Immunity 50, 195–211.e10 (2019).
Page, N. et al. Immunity 48, 937–950.e8 (2018).
Sanjabi, S., Mosaheb, M. M. & Flavell, R. A. Immunity 31, 131–144 (2009).
Martinez, G. J. et al. Immunity 42, 265–278 (2015).
Chen, J. et al. Nature 567, 530–534 (2019).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Competing interests
The authors declare no competing interests.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Mann, T.H., Kaech, S.M. Tick-TOX, it’s time for T cell exhaustion. Nat Immunol 20, 1092–1094 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-019-0478-y
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-019-0478-y
This article is cited by
-
Focus on T cell exhaustion: new advances in traditional Chinese medicine in infection and cancer
Chinese Medicine (2023)
-
Tox4 regulates transcriptional elongation and reinitiation during murine T cell development
Communications Biology (2023)
-
Orthogonal cytokine engineering enables novel synthetic effector states escaping canonical exhaustion in tumor-rejecting CD8+ T cells
Nature Immunology (2023)
-
Higher thymocyte selection-associated high mobility group box (TOX) expression predicts poor prognosis in patients with ovarian cancer
BMC Cancer (2022)
-
T cell subtype profiling measures exhaustion and predicts anti-PD-1 response
Scientific Reports (2022)
