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The importance of sex and gender in basic and clinical research

Nature Reviews Nephrology volume 20, pages 2–3 (2024)Cite this article

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The importance of incorporating factors related to sex and gender in all aspects of research is increasingly recognized. Kidney disease pathophysiology, presentation, response to therapy and outcomes differ by sex and gender, but these factors are often not considered in basic and clinical studies. It is time for nephrology to catch up.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

    Sofia B. Ahmed

  2. Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

    Sofia B. Ahmed

  3. O’Brien Institute for Public Health, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

    Sofia B. Ahmed

  4. Alberta Kidney Disease Network, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

    Sofia B. Ahmed

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  1. Sofia B. Ahmed
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Correspondence to Sofia B. Ahmed.

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Ahmed, S.B. The importance of sex and gender in basic and clinical research. Nat Rev Nephrol 20, 2–3 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41581-023-00716-x

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