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A trivalent 4f complex with two bis-silylamide ligands displaying slow magnetic relaxation

Nature Chemistry volume 15, pages 1100–1107 (2023)Cite this article

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Abstract

The best-performing single-molecule magnets (SMMs) have historically relied on pseudoaxial ligands delocalized across several coordinated atoms. This coordination environment has been found to elicit strong magnetic anisotropy, but lanthanide-based SMMs with low coordination numbers have remained synthetically elusive species. Here we report a cationic 4f complex bearing only two bis-silylamide ligands, Yb(III)[{N(SiMePh2)2}2][Al{OC(CF3)3}4], which exhibits slow relaxation of its magnetization. The combination of the bulky silylamide ligands and weakly coordinating [Al{OC(CF3)3}4]− anion provides a sterically hindered environment that suitably stabilizes the pseudotrigonal geometry necessary to elicit strong ground-state magnetic anisotropy. The resolution of the mJ states by luminescence spectroscopy is supported by ab initio calculations, which show a large ground-state splitting of approximately 1,850 cm−1. These results provide a facile route to access a bis-silylamido Yb(III) complex, and further underline the desirability of axially coordinated ligands with well-localized charges for high-performing SMMs.

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Fig. 1: Preparation and single-crystal X-ray structures of 1 and 2.
Fig. 2: Dynamic magnetic susceptibility data and relaxation mechanism fits for 2.
Fig. 3: Photoluminescence spectroscopy of 2.
Fig. 4: Calculated direction of the main magnetic axes for 2.

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Data availability

Crystallographic data for the structures reported in this article have been deposited at the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre, under deposition numbers CCDC 2222783 (1 at 200 K), 2222786 (2 at 200 K) and 2222787 (2 at 90 K). Copies of the data can be obtained free of charge via https://www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk/structures/. All other data generated or analysed are made available as Source Data or in the Supplementary Information. Source data are provided with this paper.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the University of Ottawa, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and the Canadian Foundation for Innovation for funding and supporting this work. A.M. acknowledges funding provided by the Academy of Finland (grant number 332294) and the University of Oulu (Kvantum Institute). Computational resources were provided by CSC-IT Center for Science in Finland and the Finnish Grid and Cloud Infrastructure (persistent identifier urn:nbn:fi:research-infras-2016072533). The authors sincerely thank S. Hill and E. V. Salerno for their assistance with attempted EPR spectroscopy experiments. We also thank D. Chartrand and M. Thierry from the Université de Montréal for the single-crystal X-ray diffraction data collection of compound 2 performed at low temperature (90 K).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

    Dylan Errulat, Katie L. M. Harriman, Diogo A. Gálico, Alexandros A. Kitos & Muralee Murugesu

  2. NMR Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

    Akseli Mansikkamäki

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Contributions

D.E. and K.L.M.H. synthesized and characterized the compounds and collected and interpreted the magnetic data. D.E. and K.L.M.H. collected X-ray diffraction data on samples, and D.E. and A.A.K. performed structure determination and refinement. A.M. performed the ab initio calculations and analysis. D.A.G. collected and interpreted luminescence data. D.E. and K.L.M.H. wrote the manuscript with contributions from all authors. M.M. supervised all aspects of the project.

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Correspondence to Muralee Murugesu.

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Supplementary information

Supplementary Information

X-ray crystallography data, Supplementary Tables 1–14, Figs. 1–11 and computational details.

Supplementary Data 1

Crystallographic data for compound 1 at 200 K; CCDC 2222783.

Supplementary Data 2

Crystallographic data for compound 2 at 200 K; CCDC 2222786.

Supplementary Data 3

Crystallographic data for compound 2 at 90 K, CCDC 2222787.

Supplementary Data 4

Atomic coordinates used in the computational analysis. The molecules are named by their numerical identifier, with labels ‘a’ and ‘b’ referring to the two structures in the asymmetric unit. The optimized atomic coordinates where the phenyl rings have been replaced by methyl groups are indicated with a prime suffix (2′).

Supplementary Data 5

Source data for Supplementary Fig. 2 (Photoluminescence spectroscopy source data for 1); Supplementary Fig. 3 (Molar magnetic susceptibility-temperature product source data for 2); Supplementary Fig. 4 (Magnetization field dependence source data for 2); Supplementary Fig. 5 (Unprocessed in-phase molar magnetic susceptibility source data for 2 under variable field); Supplementary Fig. 7 (Unprocessed in-phase molar magnetic susceptibility source data for 2 under variable temperature); and Supplementary Fig. 10 (Calculated molar magnetic susceptibility-temperature product source data for 2).

Source data

Source Data Fig. 2

Unprocessed out-of-phase molar magnetic susceptibility source data for 2 under variable field and temperature.

Source Data Fig. 3

Photoluminescence spectroscopy source data for 2.

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Errulat, D., Harriman, K.L.M., Gálico, D.A. et al. A trivalent 4f complex with two bis-silylamide ligands displaying slow magnetic relaxation. Nat. Chem. 15, 1100–1107 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41557-023-01208-y

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