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Juvenile-onset myopia—who to treat and how to evaluate success

Eye volume 38, pages 450–454 (2024)Cite this article

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Abstract

The risk of eye diseases such as myopic macular degeneration increases with the level of myopia, but there is no safe level of myopia and the burden of lower degrees of myopia remains considerable. Effective treatments are available that slow progression and thus limit the final degree of myopia. In this review, the rationale for slowing progression is summarized, and a case made for treating all myopic children. Measurement of refractive error and axial length is reviewed, stressing the precision of optical biometry, but also the need for cycloplegic autorefraction. The factors influencing progression are considered and the available tools for interpretation of progression rate are discussed. Finally, the need to set attainable treatment goals is emphasized.

摘要

近视性黄斑变性等眼病的发病风险随近视程度的增加而增加, 但目前尚无近视度数的安全水平, 低度近视所造成的的负担仍然沉重。有效治疗可以减缓近视进展, 可阻挡近视的进一步进展。本综述总结了减缓近视进展的基本原理, 并提出治疗所有近视儿童的案例。本文也回顾了屈光不正和眼轴长度测量方法, 强调了光学生物测量的精确性, 也强调了睫状肌麻痹的必要性。本文考虑了影响近视进展的因素, 并讨论了解释其进展率的可用工具。最后, 文章强调了设定可实现治疗近视目标的必要性。

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Fig. 1: Mean annual axial elongation (for the subsequent year) as a function of age and race.

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Notes

  1. https://bhvi.org/myopia-calculator-resources/

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Houston, College of Optometry, Houston, TX, USA

    Mark A. Bullimore

  2. Johnson & Johnson Vision, Jacksonville, FL, USA

    Noel A. Brennan

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MAB and NAB conceived the manuscript; MAB and NAB wrote the first draft of the manuscript; MAB constructed the table and figure; Both MAB and NAB have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Mark A. Bullimore.

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MAB is a consultant for Alcon Research, Bruno Vision Care, CooperVision, EssilorLuxottica, Euclid Vision, Eyenovia, Genentech, Johnson & Johnson Vision, Novartis, Vyluma, and is the sole owner of Ridgevue Publishing and Ridgevue Vision. Preparation of this paper was supported by Johnson & Johnson Vision. NAB is an employee of Johnson & Johnson Vision.

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Bullimore, M.A., Brennan, N.A. Juvenile-onset myopia—who to treat and how to evaluate success. Eye 38, 450–454 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-023-02722-6

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