Abstract
Background
The beneficial effect of fibre intake on reducing the risk of gastric cancer (GC) has been emphasized in recent years; however, the findings from the existing literature have been ambiguous. Fibre and anti-inflammatory cytokines are associated with GC through inflammation. We investigated whether a higher fibre intake reduces GC risk and whether the IL13 rs20541 single-nucleotide polymorphism interacts with fibre intake to modify GC risk.
Method
In this case-control study, 377 cases and 756 controls were included to assess the effects of fibre intake and the IL13 rs20541-fibre interaction on GC risk. We collected information on fibre consumption by using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The presence of IL13 rs20541 was determined through genetic analysis.
Results
A negative association between fibre intake and GC risk was observed (odds ratio (OR) = 0.37, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.24–0.57, P for trend < 0.001). However, the significant association seemed to be limited to males (OR = 0.28, 95% CI = 0.16–0.50, p for trend < 0.001). Although a non-significant association between IL13 rs20541 and GC risk was found (OR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.71–1.26), we identified that individuals with a minor allele of IL13 rs20541 (AA/AG) and higher fibre intake had a lower GC risk than those with a minor allele and lower fibre intake (OR (95% CI) was 0.24 (0.12–0.45), P interaction = 0.024).
Conclusion
Our findings suggested a protective effect of fibre against GC carcinogenesis. However, fibre intake seemed to have a greater effect in individuals with a minor allele of IL13 rs20541 (AA/AG).
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Funding
This work was supported by International Cooperation & Education Program (NCCRI•NCCI 52210-52211, 2020) of National Cancer Center, Korea, and grants from National Cancer Center, Korea (1910330), and National Research Foundation of Korea (2021R1A2C2008439).
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Formal analysis, TTT, MG, JL; Preparation of original draft, TTT.; Writing-review and editing, MG, JK; Data curation, IJC, Y.-IK, JK; Investigation, IJC and Y-IK; Methodology, IJC, Y-IK and JK; Funding acquisition, JK; Project administration, JK; Supervision, JK. All authors have critically reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript submitted for publication.
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Thi Tran, T., Gunathilake, M., Lee, J. et al. The association of dietary fibre intake and the IL13 rs20541 polymorphism with the risk of gastric cancer: a case-control study in Korea. Eur J Clin Nutr 76, 1031–1037 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-021-01059-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-021-01059-1