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Predictors for misreporting sodium and potassium intakes by overweight and obese participants in a food-based clinical trial: implications for practice

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition volume 74, pages 203–207 (2020)Cite this article

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Abstract

This study compared self-reported sodium and potassium intakes with urinary biomarkers and identified predictive factors. Secondary analysis of the 3-month intensive phase of the HealthTrack study with control (C), interdisciplinary intervention (I), intervention plus 30 g walnuts/day (IW) arms (n = 149). Dietary data was derived from diet history (DH) interviews and biomarker measures from urine. Urine-derived sodium (all, p = 0.000) and potassium (C: p = 0.011; I: p = 0.000; IW: p = 0.004) measures were significantly greater than self-reported intakes over the three months. Multiple linear regression showed body weight at baseline, body mass index (BMI) at baseline, and combined BMI at baseline and DH interviewer significantly negatively predicted the differences in sodium intake and excretion for C (β = −21.226, p = 0.016), I (β = −106.140, p = 0.002) and IW (F (9.530, 2df), p = 0.000), respectively. Where intakes of sodium and potassium are of interest in a trial, both reported intake and urinary biomarker measures are recommended.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank all the participants and the HealthTrack study team.

Funding

The HealthTrack study was funded by the Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute and California Walnut Commission. The funding bodies had no involvement in the data analysis, data interpretation, or writing of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia

    Vivienne X. Guan, Yasmine C. Probst, Elizabeth P. Neale & Linda C. Tapsell

  2. Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia

    Vivienne X. Guan, Yasmine C. Probst, Elizabeth P. Neale & Linda C. Tapsell

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  1. Vivienne X. Guan
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  2. Yasmine C. Probst
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  3. Elizabeth P. Neale
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  4. Linda C. Tapsell
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Correspondence to Vivienne X. Guan.

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None of the authors has any conflicts of interest to declare. LC Tapsell has servedon the Science Advisory Council of the California Walnut Commission.

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Guan, V.X., Probst, Y.C., Neale, E.P. et al. Predictors for misreporting sodium and potassium intakes by overweight and obese participants in a food-based clinical trial: implications for practice. Eur J Clin Nutr 74, 203–207 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-018-0283-y

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