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A clinical consensus guideline for nutrition in infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia from birth through discharge

Journal of Perinatology (2024)Cite this article

Subjects

Abstract

Objective

To develop a consensus guideline to meet nutritional challenges faced by infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH).

Study design

The CDH Focus Group utilized a modified Delphi method to develop these clinical consensus guidelines (CCG). Topic leaders drafted recommendations after literature review and group discussion. Each recommendation was sent to focus group members via a REDCap survey tool, and members scored on a Likert scale of 0–100. A score of > 85 with no more than 25% outliers was designated a priori as demonstrating consensus among the group.

Results

In the first survey 24/25 recommendations received a median score > 90 and after discussion and second round of surveys all 25 recommendations received a median score of 100.

Conclusions

We present a consensus evidence-based framework for managing parenteral and enteral nutrition, somatic growth, gastroesophageal reflux disease, chylothorax, and long-term follow-up of infants with CDH.

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Fig. 1
Fig. 2: CDH Post-operative Chylothrorax Management Pathway, utilizes chest tube output to guide therapy.

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Data availability

Not applicable.

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Acknowledgements

Beverly Brozanski, Jacquelyn Evans, Theresa Grover, Karna Murthy, Michael Padula, Eugenia Pallotto, Anthony Piazza, Kristina Reber and Billie Short and ex-officio David Durand, Francine Dykes, Jeanette Asselin, are executive members of the Children’s Hospitals Neonatal Consortium, Inc., who developed and manage the CHND (thechnc.org). For more information, please contact: exec@thechnc.org. We are indebted to the following CHNC participating institutions that serve the infants and their families; these institutions (and their site sponsors) also have invested in and continue to participate in the Children’s Hospital’s Neonatal Database (CHND): 1. Atlanta, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta – Egleston (Anthony Piazza). 2. Atlanta, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta - Scottish Rite (Gregory Sysyn). 3. Austin, Dell Children’s (Ashley Lucke, Molly Pont). 4. Birmingham, Children’s of Alabama (Allison Black, Carl Coghill). 5. Boston Children’s Hospital (Anne Hansen). 6. Charlotte, Levine Children’s Hospital (Eugenia Pallotto). 7. Chicago, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital (Karna Murthy, Gustave Falciglia). 8. Cincinnati Children’s Hospital (Beth Haberman). 9. Cleveland Clinic (Tetyana Nesterenko). 10. Columbus, Nationwide Children’s Hospital (Thomas Bartman). 11. Dallas, Children’s Medical Center (Sushmita Yallapragada, Lina Chalak). 12. Denver, Children’s Hospital Colorado (Danielle Smith, Stephanie Bourque). 13. Detroit, Children’s Hospital Michigan (Girija Natarjan). 14. Ft. Worth, Cook Children’s Healthcare System (Annie Chi, Yvette Johnson). 15. Hartford, Connecticut Children’s (Annmarie Gotiolo). 16. Houston, Texas Children’s Hospital (Lakshmi Katarkan, Kristina Reber). 17. Indianapolis, Riley Children’s Health (Rebecca Rose). 18. Iowa City, University of Iowa Stead Family Children’s Hospital (Julie Lindower). 19. Kansas City, The Children’s Mercy Hospital (Julie Weiner). 20. Little Rock, Arkansas Children’s (Laura Carroll). 21. Los Angeles Children’s Hospital (Rachel Chapman). 22. Madison, American Family Children’s Hospital (Nina Menda). 23. Memphis, Le Bonheur Children’s Hospital (Mark Weems). 24. Minneapolis, Children’s Minnesota (Ann Downey). 25. Milwaukee, Wisconsin Children’s Hospital (Joanne Lagatta). 26. Oakland, UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospital (Priscilla Joe). 27. Oklahoma Children’s Hospital (Trent Tipple, Patricia Williams). 28. Omaha Children’s Hospital (Nicole Birge). 29. Orange County, Children’s Hospital of Orange County (Michel Mikhael). 30. Orlando, AdventHealth for Children (Narendra Dereddy, Rajan Wadhawan). 31. Orlando, Nemours Children’s Hospital (Aaron Weiss). 32. Philadelphia, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (Michael Padula). 33. Philadelphia, St. Christopher’s Hospital for Children (Vilarmis Quinones). 34. Phoenix Children’s Hospital (Pam Griffiths). 35. Pittsburgh Children’s Hospital (Toby Yanowitz). 36. Rochester, MN, Mayo Clinic Children’s (Ellen Bendel-Stenzel). 37. Salt Lake City, Primary Children’s Hospital (Con Yee Ling). 38. San Diego, Rady Children’s Hospital (Mark Speziale). 39. Seattle Children’s Hospital (Robert DiGeronimo, Elizabeth Jacobsen). 40. St. Louis Children’s Hospital (Beverly Brozanski, Rakesh Rao). 41. St Paul, Children’s Minnesota (Ann Downey). 42. St. Petersburg, All Children’s Hospital (Linda Van Marter). 43. Toronto, The Hospital for Sick Children (Kyong-Soon Lee). 44. Washington, Children’s National Hospital (Billie Lou Short). 45. Wilmington, Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children (Kevin Sullivan). 46. Winston-Salem, Brenner Children’s Hospital (Cherrie Welch).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, Campus Box 8116, St. Louis, MO, 63110-1093, USA

    Patrick Sloan & Tasnim Najaf

  2. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Washington, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA

    Sandy Johng & Robert DiGeronimo

  3. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Missouri Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA

    John M. Daniel

  4. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, USA

    Christopher J. Rhee, Sharada H. Gowda & Caraciolo J. Fernandes

  5. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    Burhan Mahmood

  6. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA

    Evangelia Gravari, Ann G. Downey & Katie Braski

  7. Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA

    Susan Marshall

  8. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA

    Vedanta Dariya & Abhishek Makkar

  9. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA

    Beth E. Haberman

  10. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA

    Ruth Seabrook

  11. Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN, USA

    Brian W. Gray

  12. Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA

    Michael W. Cookson & Theresa R. Grover

  13. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Natalie Rintoul & Anne Ades

  14. Department of Pediatric General Thoracic and Fetal Surgery Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Holly L. Hedrick

  15. Division of Neonatology and Le Bonheur Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA

    Mark F. Weems

  16. Department of Pediatrics, USC Keck School of Medicine, Fetal & Neonatal Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Rachel Chapman

  17. Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Sarah Keene

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  1. Patrick Sloan
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  2. Sandy Johng
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  7. Susan Marshall
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  8. Ann G. Downey
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  10. Sharada H. Gowda
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  11. Caraciolo J. Fernandes
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  12. Vedanta Dariya
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  13. Beth E. Haberman
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  14. Ruth Seabrook
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  15. Abhishek Makkar
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  16. Brian W. Gray
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  17. Michael W. Cookson
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  18. Tasnim Najaf
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  19. Natalie Rintoul
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  20. Holly L. Hedrick
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  21. Robert DiGeronimo
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  24. Rachel Chapman
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  25. Theresa R. Grover
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  26. Sarah Keene
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Contributions

Patrick Sloan: Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Writing – Original Draft, Writing – Review/Editing, Visualization, Sandy Johng: Writing – Review/Editing, Formal analysis, Conceptualization. John M. Daniel: Writing – Review/Editing, Investigation. Christopher Rhee: Writing – Review/Editing, Conceptualization, Investigation. Burhan Mahmood: Writing – Review/Editing, Conceptualization, Investigation. Evangelia Gravari: Writing – Review/Editing, Conceptualization, Investigation. Susan Marshall: Writing – Review/Editing, Investigation. Ann G. Downey: Writing – Review/Editing, Conceptualization, Investigation. Katie Braski: Writing – Review/Editing, Conceptualization. Sharada H. Gowda: Writing – Review/Editing, Conceptualization, Investigation. Caraciolo J. Fernandes: Writing – Review/Editing, Conceptualization, Methodology. Vedanta Dariya: Writing – Review/Editing, Methodology, Investigation. Beth E. Haberman: Writing – Review/Editing, Conceptualization, Investigation. Ruth Seabrook: Writing – Review/Editing, Conceptualization, Methodology. Abhishek Makkar: Writing – Review/Editing, Conceptualization, Methodology. Brian W. Gray: Writing – Review/Editing, Conceptualization, Methodology. Michael Cookson: Writing – Review/Editing, Conceptualization. Tasnim Najaf: Writing – Review/Editing, Conceptualization, Investigation. Natalie Rintoul: Writing – Review/Editing, Conceptualization, Methodology. Holly L. Hedrick: Writing – Review/Editing, Conceptualization, Investigation. Robert DiGeronimo: Writing – Review/Editing, Conceptualization, Methodology. Mark F. Weems: Writing – Review/Editing, Conceptualization, Investigation. Anne Ades: Writing – Review/Editing, Conceptualization, Methodology. Rachel Chapman: Writing – Review/Editing, Methodology, Investigation. Theresa R. Grover: Writing – Review/Editing, Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Writing-Original Draft, Supervision, Project administration. Sarah Keene: Review/Editing, Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Writing-Original Draft, Supervision, Project administration.

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Correspondence to Patrick Sloan.

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Sloan, P., Johng, S., Daniel, J.M. et al. A clinical consensus guideline for nutrition in infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia from birth through discharge. J Perinatol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41372-024-01965-9

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