Variability in neuronal firing rates and spike timing can be modeled as doubly stochastic. A study now suggests that these phenomena could arise from a network built of deterministic neurons with balanced excitation and inhibition.
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Churchland, M., Abbott, L. Two layers of neural variability. Nat Neurosci 15, 1472–1474 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.3247
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.3247
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