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Devonian terrestrial arthropods from Gondwana

Nature volume 394, pages 172–175 (1998)Cite this article

Abstract

The origin of the most diverse terrestrial animal group, Atelocerata (myriapods and hexapods), is obscured by an incomplete fossil record1. Early (Silurian and Devonian) body fossils of terrestrial arthropods have been found only in Laurussia, with key sites in Britain and eastern North America2,3,4,5. Although trace fossil assemblages indicate the presence of various arthropods on land in Australia in the Silurian Period6, definite terrestrial arthropods have not been discovered in mid-Palaeozoic stages of the southern continents. Here I describe the first atelocerates from the Devonian stages of Gondwana; these are perhaps the earliest known remains of Australian land animals. The fossils comprise two closely related myriapod species of the genus Maldybulakia, first identified from Kazakhstan7,8. They add substantially to our knowledge of the anatomy of this problematic arthropod, and illustrate the widespread distribution of parts of the Devonian terrestrial fauna. A clade including Maldybulakia is distinct within the Myriapoda at a high taxonomic level. The existence of Maldybulakia and the extinct classes Arthropleuridea and Kampecarida9, with centipedes and millipedes, indicates the high class-level diversity of myriapods in the Devonian.

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Figure 1: Maldybulakia new species 1 from the Middle or Upper Devonian (Late Givetian or Early Frasnian) Epochs at Saltwater Creek Road, 12 km south-south-east of Eden, New South Wales, Australia.
Figure 2: Maldybulakia new species 2 from the Lower Devonian (latest Lochkovian or earliest Pragian) Epoch at Three Oaks, near Taemas, New South Wales, Australia.

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Acknowledgements

I thank K. S. W. Campbell and A. Ritchie for showing me the fossil sites; Z. Johanson, B. Loomes, Y.-y. Zhen and volunteers organized by M. Yeung for assistance in collecting fossils; and D. E. G. Briggs, J. A. Dunlop, W. A. Shear, and G. D. F. Wilson for comments. NSW State Forests permitted collecting. A grant from Australian Geographic supported fieldwork.

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  1. Centre for Evolutionary Research, Australian Museum, 6 College Street, Sydney South, 2000, New South Wales, Australia

    Gregory D. Edgecombe

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Correspondence to Gregory D. Edgecombe.

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Edgecombe, G. Devonian terrestrial arthropods from Gondwana. Nature 394, 172–175 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1038/28156

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