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| Open AccessVitrification and nanowarming enable long-term organ cryopreservation and life-sustaining kidney transplantation in a rat model
The possibility of banking cryopreserved organs could make transplantation medicine much more accessible. Here, the authors show that vitrification and nanowarming—cooling organs to an ice-free state followed by rapid rewarming using nanoparticles and magnetic fields—enables organ cryopreservation, long-term banking, and recovery of full function in a rat kidney transplant model.
- Zonghu Han
- , Joseph Sushil Rao
- & Erik B. Finger
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| Open AccessReduction of primary graft dysfunction using cytokine adsorption during organ preservation and after lung transplantation
Lung transplantation is hindered by the scarcity of organs and by mortality following primary graft dysfunction. Here, the authors show that cytokine absorption can be used in donor lungs during ex vivo lung perfusion and post-transplant, and leads to restored lung function and reduced primary graft dysfunction in animal models.
- Haider Ghaidan
- , Martin Stenlo
- & Sandra Lindstedt
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Matters Arising
| Open AccessTransplantation of discarded livers: the complementary role of normothermic regional perfusion
- Chris J. C. Johnston
- , Ahmed E. Sherif
- & Gabriel C. Oniscu
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| Open AccessSelf-healing polyurethane-elastomer with mechanical tunability for multiple biomedical applications in vivo
The unique properties of self-healing materials hold great potential in the field of biomedical engineering. Here, the authors designed a series of biodegradable and biocompatible self-healing elastomers with tunable mechanical properties, and apply them to various disease models in vivo, including aortic aneurism, bone fracture and nerve amputation.
- Chenyu Jiang
- , Luzhi Zhang
- & Xiaofeng Ye
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| Open AccessA zwitterionic near-infrared fluorophore for real-time ureter identification during laparoscopic abdominopelvic surgery
Iatrogenic injury of the ureters is a feared complication of laparoscopic abdominal surgery. Here the authors present the NIR fluorophore ZW800-1 as an intraoperative imaging agent for ureter mapping, showing its safety, pharmacokinetic properties, and efficacy in healthy volunteers and patients undergoing abdominopelvic surgery.
- Kim S. de Valk
- , Henricus J. Handgraaf
- & Alexander L. Vahrmeijer
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| Open AccessRegeneration of severely damaged lungs using an interventional cross-circulation platform
Gastric aspiration severely injures donor lungs, frequently making them unacceptable for transplantation. Here the authors show that an interventional cross-circulation platform enables the regeneration of severely damaged lungs in a swine model of gastric aspiration injury.
- Brandon A. Guenthart
- , John D. O’Neill
- & Matthew Bacchetta
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Article
| Open AccessDeep brain stimulation of the internal capsule enhances human cognitive control and prefrontal cortex function
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a promising treatment for psychiatric disorders, but its mechanism in relieving symptoms is unclear. Here, the authors show that DBS of ventral internal capsule/ventral striatum (VCVS) may act by enhancing prefrontal cortex oscillations that in turn enhance cognitive control.
- A. S. Widge
- , S. Zorowitz
- & D. D. Dougherty
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| Open AccessInactivating hepatitis C virus in donor lungs using light therapies during normothermic ex vivo lung perfusion
Organs from donors with transmissible viral infections, such as hepatitis C virus (HCV), are not offered for transplantation due to a high risk of transmission. Here, Galasso et al. develop a method for treatment of HCV-infected human donor lungs that is safe and prevents HCV transmission in the pig model.
- Marcos Galasso
- , Jordan J. Feld
- & Marcelo Cypel
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Article
| Open AccessInhibition of Y1 receptor signaling improves islet transplant outcome
Islet transplantation is considered one of the potential treatments for T1DM but limited islet survival and their impaired function pose limitations to this approach. Here Loh et al. show that the Y1 receptor is expressed in β- cells and inhibition of its signalling, both genetic and pharmacological, improves mouse and human islet function.
- Kim Loh
- , Yan-Chuan Shi
- & Herbert Herzog
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| Open AccessChimeric 2C10R4 anti-CD40 antibody therapy is critical for long-term survival of GTKO.hCD46.hTBM pig-to-primate cardiac xenograft
Tweaking immune characteristics of donors and recipients could allow for successful cross-species organ transplantation. Here, the authors show that an anti-CD40 antibody therapy of baboons that received heart transplants from genetically modified pigs is key to their long-term survival.
- Muhammad M. Mohiuddin
- , Avneesh K. Singh
- & Keith A. Horvath
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| Open AccessGeneration and transplantation of reprogrammed human neurons in the brain using 3D microtopographic scaffolds
Human pluripotent stem cell derived neurons have the potential for cell replacement therapy for brain injury and disease but problems on transplantation need to be overcome. Here, the authors use a microtopographic scaffold to graft neurons into both hippocampal organoids and the mouse brain striatum.
- Aaron L. Carlson
- , Neal K. Bennett
- & Prabhas V. Moghe
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Article
| Open AccessTherapeutic targeting and rapid mobilization of endosteal HSC using a small molecule integrin antagonist
Mobilizing haematopoietic stem cells to the peripheral blood has largely replaced bone marrow transplants as a strategy in the clinic. Here, Cao et al. report the use of an α9β1/α4β1integrin antagonist to induce rapid mobilization of blood stem cells from the bone marrow in a humanized mouse model.
- Benjamin Cao
- , Zhen Zhang
- & Susan K. Nilsson
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| Open AccessTransplanted neurons integrate into adult retinas and respond to light
Replacing lost retinal ganglion cells is a potential treatment for optic neuropathies such as glaucoma. Here, the authors show that transplanted donor RGCs can successfully integrate into a mature host retina in vivo, projecting axons along the intact visual pathway and responding to light stimuli.
- Praseeda Venugopalan
- , Yan Wang
- & Jeffrey L. Goldberg
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| Open AccessImaging tumour cell heterogeneity following cell transplantation into optically clear immune-deficient zebrafish
Direct visualisation of heterogeneous cell populations in live animals has been challenging. Here, the authors optimize cell transplantation into optically clear immune-deficient zebrafish, and use intravital imaging to track and to assess functional diversity of individual cancer cells in vivo.
- Qin Tang
- , John C. Moore
- & David M. Langenau
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Article
| Open AccessBile diversion to the distal small intestine has comparable metabolic benefits to bariatric surgery
Gastric bypass surgery is one of the most effective interventions to achieve durable weight loss. Here, Flynnet al. show that, in mice, bile diversion to the small intestine results in beneficial and sustained metabolic improvements similar to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery.
- Charles Robb Flynn
- , Vance L. Albaugh
- & Naji N. Abumrad
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Article
| Open AccessSpontaneous restoration of transplantation tolerance after acute rejection
An infection can break the immune tolerance of a transplanted organ, resulting in its rejection. Here the authors show that the immunological memory of transplantation tolerance dominates over the memory of allograft rejection, so that another organ transplanted later can be spontaneously accepted.
- Michelle L. Miller
- , Melvin D. Daniels
- & Anita S. Chong
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Tolerance induction to human stem cell transplants with extension to their differentiated progeny
Immunosuppression has been shown to induce tolerance to transplanted stem cells, but differentiation of these cells may trigger immune rejection later on. Here, Lui et al. show that a short-term immunosuppression regimen confers long-term tolerance to stem cells and their differentiated progeny.
- Kathy O. Lui
- , Duncan Howie
- & Herman Waldmann
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Direct isolation and RNA-seq reveal environment-dependent properties of engrafted neural stem/progenitor cells
Studies on neural stem and progenitor cells have shown they may be useful in treating spinal cord injuries, but the results are variable. Kumamaruet al.transplant these cells in injured spinal cords of mice, and find that their therapeutic properties are dynamically altered depending on their environment.
- Hiromi Kumamaru
- , Yasuyuki Ohkawa
- & Seiji Okada