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| Open AccessQuantum annealing of a frustrated magnet
Quantum annealing is usually discussed as a means of finding an optimal solution for a problem where there are many local minima, such as the travelling salesman. Here, Zhao et al present an intriguing example of quantum annealing in the case of the frustrated magnet α-CoV2O6, where a transverse magnetic field triggers the quantum annealing process.
- Yuqian Zhao
- , Zhaohua Ma
- & Yuesheng Li
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Article
| Open AccessWindSeer: real-time volumetric wind prediction over complex terrain aboard a small uncrewed aerial vehicle
Wind has a large impact on the safety and efficiency of small uncrewed aerial vehicles. Here, the authors present a neural network-based method for estimating the wind at meter-scale resolution around complex terrain solely based on terrain knowledge and local onboard wind observations.
- Florian Achermann
- , Thomas Stastny
- & Nicholas Lawrance
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Article
| Open AccessMagnetically propagating Hund’s exciton in van der Waals antiferromagnet NiPS3
Recently, excitons with unconventional properties were reported in a van der Waals antiferromagnet NiPS3. Here, using resonant inelastic x-ray scattering, the authors show that the formation of these excitons is primarily driven by Hund’s coupling and that they propagate similarly to two-magnon excitations.
- W. He
- , Y. Shen
- & M. P. M. Dean
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Article
| Open AccessNanosecond anomaly detection with decision trees and real-time application to exotic Higgs decays
Real-time inference of collisions using unsupervised AI for discovery is of interest in particle physics. Here, authors present the training and efficient implementation of a decision tree-based autoencoder used as an anomaly detector that executes at 30 ns on FPGA for use in edge computing.
- S. T. Roche
- , Q. Bayer
- & T. M. Hong
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Article
| Open AccessPlanar thermal Hall effect from phonons in a Kitaev candidate material
The thermal Hall effect is a novel probe of neutral excitations in insulators; however, the mechanism behind one type of neutral excitations – phonons – is still unclear. Here the authors observe a planar thermal Hall effect in the Kitaev candidate material Na2Co2TeO6 and proposed that it is generated by phonons.
- Lu Chen
- , Étienne Lefrançois
- & Louis Taillefer
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Article
| Open AccessScalable computation of anisotropic vibrations for large macromolecular assemblies
Normal mode analysis is a crucial step in structural biology, but is based on an expensive diagonalisation of the system’s Hessian. Here the authors present INCHING, a GPU-based approach to accelerate this task up to >250 times over current methods for macromolecular assemblies.
- Jordy Homing Lam
- , Aiichiro Nakano
- & Vsevolod Katritch
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Article
| Open AccessCorrelation between two distant quasiparticles in separate superconducting islands mediated by a single spin
The authors experimentally study a chain of superconducting islands (SI) and quantum dots (QD), where a Bogoliubov quasiparticle occupies each SI. They demonstrate correlations between the quasiparticles in each SI mediated by a single spin on the QD, known as an “over-screened" doublet state of the QD.
- Juan Carlos Estrada Saldaña
- , Alexandros Vekris
- & Jesper Nygård
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Article
| Open AccessFlow interactions lead to self-organized flight formations disrupted by self-amplifying waves
Schools, flocks and related forms of collective behavior and collective locomotion involve complicated fluid dynamical interactions. Here, using a “mock flock" of robotic flappers, authors report that the interaction between leaders and followers is similar to one-way springs, leading to lattice-like self-organization but also a new type of traveling-wave disturbance.
- Joel W. Newbolt
- , Nickolas Lewis
- & Leif Ristroph
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Article
| Open AccessFlower-shaped 2D crystals grown in curved fluid vesicle membranes
Thin crystals grown on rigid spherical templates of increasing curvature exhibit increased protrusions. Here, the authors demonstrate the opposite curvature effect on the morphology of molecularly thin crystals grown within elastic fluid membranes, like those of biological cells.
- Hao Wan
- , Geunwoong Jeon
- & Maria M. Santore
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Article
| Open AccessQuantum critical phase of FeO spans conditions of Earth’s lower mantle
Large-scale eDMFT computation reveals that FeO undergoes a gradual orbitally selective insulator-metal transition across the extreme conditions of Earth’s interior, with implications for compositions and conductivity of the core-mantle boundary region.
- Wai-Ga D. Ho
- , Peng Zhang
- & Vasilije V. Dobrosavljevic
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Article
| Open AccessF-actin architecture determines the conversion of chemical energy into mechanical work
F-actin architecture modulates transmission and generation of stresses in cells, yet its impact on myosin ATP hydrolysis remains unknown. The authors perform experiments measuring myosin ATP hydrolysis rates, showing that F-actin architecture can control myosin energy consumption.
- Ryota Sakamoto
- & Michael P. Murrell
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Article
| Open AccessDynamic acoustic optimization of pulse tube refrigerators for rapid cooldown
Pulse tube refrigerators are a critical enabling technology for many disciplines that require low temperatures, including quantum computing. Here, the authors show that dynamically optimizing the acoustic parameters of the refrigerator can improve conventional cooldown speeds up to 3.5 times.
- Ryan Snodgrass
- , Vincent Kotsubo
- & Joel Ullom
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Article
| Open AccessMeasuring statistics-induced entanglement entropy with a Hong–Ou–Mandel interferometer
Measuring quantum entanglement remains a demanding task. The authors introduce two functions to quantify entanglement induced by fermionic or bosonic statistics, in transport experiments. Both functions, in theory and experiment, are remarkably resilient against the nonuniversal effects of interactions.
- Gu Zhang
- , Changki Hong
- & Yuval Gefen
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Article
| Open AccessAtomic-scale observation of localized phonons at FeSe/SrTiO3 interface
The authors characterize the phonon modes at the FeSe/SrTiO3 interface with atomically resolved electron energy loss spectroscopy and correlate them with accurate atomic structure in an electron microscope. They find several phonon modes highly localized at the interface, one of which engages in strong interactions with the electrons in FeSe.
- Ruochen Shi
- , Qize Li
- & Peng Gao
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| Open AccessRoom-temperature stabilizing strongly competing ferrielectric and antiferroelectric phases in PbZrO3 by strain-mediated phase separation
There is a desire to know how the threefold ferrielectric coexists with the antiferroelectric phase. Here, the authors realize a threefold-modulated ferrielectric phase regulated by strain-mediated phase separation in PbZrO3 thin film.
- Ziyi Yu
- , Ningbo Fan
- & Fangfang Xu
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Article
| Open AccessAtomic-scale visualization of the interlayer Rydberg exciton complex in moiré heterostructures
Recently, Rydberg excitons have been demonstrated in transition metal dichalcogenide moire superlattices. Here, using atomic-scale imaging, the authors observe Rydberg structure and moire periodicity of ground-state interlayer excitons in a monolayer YbCl3 on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite.
- Meng Zhao
- , Zhongjie Wang
- & Chunlei Gao
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Article
| Open AccessStable skyrmion bundles at room temperature and zero magnetic field in a chiral magnet
Manipulation of topological charge at room temperature is a key tenet of skyrmionics. Here, the authors demonstrate tunable topological charges in skyrmion bundles at room temperature and zero magnetic field.
- Yongsen Zhang
- , Jin Tang
- & Haifeng Du
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Article
| Open AccessNeural étendue expander for ultra-wide-angle high-fidelity holographic display
All holographic displays and imaging techniques are fundamentally limited by the étendue supported by existing spatial light modulators. Here, the authors report on using artificial intelligence (AI) to learn an étendue expanding element that effectively increases étendue by two orders of magnitude.
- Ethan Tseng
- , Grace Kuo
- & Felix Heide
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Article
| Open AccessFabrication-induced even-odd discrepancy of magnetotransport in few-layer MnBi2Te4
MnBi2Te4 is an antiferromagnetic topological insulator. This combination of magnetic ordering and topological properties has resulted in intense interest, however, like many van der Waals materials, experimental results are hampered by fabrication difficulties. Here, Li, Wang, Lian et al. show that the fabrication process itself can result in mismatched thickness dependence of magneto-transport measurements. ‘
- Yaoxin Li
- , Yongchao Wang
- & Chang Liu
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| Open AccessOrphan high field superconductivity in non-superconducting uranium ditelluride
In addition to its low-field superconducting state, UTe2 features a re-entrant superconducting state when high magnetic fields are applied at a particular range of angles. Here, the authors demonstrate that the high-field re-entrant superconducting state survives even when the low-field superconducting state is destroyed by disorder.
- Corey E. Frank
- , Sylvia K. Lewin
- & Nicholas P. Butch
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Article
| Open AccessElectronic inhomogeneity and phase fluctuation in one-unit-cell FeSe films
The authors study monolayer FeSe via scanning tunneling microscopy and simultaneous micron-scale-probe-based transport. They observe distinct superconducting phases in domains and on boundaries between domains, with different superconducting gaps and pairing temperatures.
- Dapeng Zhao
- , Wenqiang Cui
- & Qi-Kun Xue
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Article
| Open AccessIron alloys of volatile elements in the deep Earth’s interior
Many volatile elements are depleted in the bulk silicate Earth. Here, the authors found that these volatile elements tend to react with Fe under pressure and may be sequestered within Earth’s core by forming substitutional Fe alloys.
- Yifan Tian
- , Peiyu Zhang
- & Hanyu Liu
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Article
| Open AccessLong-baseline quantum sensor network as dark matter haloscope
Nearly a century after dark matter was proposed, yet its nature remains elusive. Here, authors present their dark photon dark matter search results using two atomic magnetometer arrays 1700 km apart in large magnetic shields and offer the strongest terrestrial constraint in this mass range to date.
- Min Jiang
- , Taizhou Hong
- & Jiangfeng Du
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Article
| Open AccessInequality in economic shock exposures across the global firm-level supply network
Thurner and colleagues explore how economic shocks spread risk through the globalized economy. They find that rich countries expose poor countries stronger to systemic risk than vice-versa. The risk is highly concentrated, however higher risk levels are not compensated with a risk premium in GDP levels, nor higher GDP growth. The findings put the often-praised benefits for developing countries from globalized production in a new light, by relating them to risks involved in the production processes
- Abhijit Chakraborty
- , Tobias Reisch
- & Stefan Thurner
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| Open AccessExciton polariton condensation from bound states in the continuum at room temperature
Bound states in continuum have attracted attention in various platforms, and recently condensation of bound states in continuum polariton modes was demonstrated at low temperatures. Here the authors report the observation of such a state in a periodic air-hole perovskite-based photonic crystal at room temperature.
- Xianxin Wu
- , Shuai Zhang
- & Xinfeng Liu
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Article
| Open AccessRe-order parameter of interacting thermodynamic magnets
Phase diagrams of materials are typically based on a static order parameter, but it faces challenges when distinguishing subtle phase changes, such as re-ordering. Here the authors introduce a dynamic re-order parameter, in particular magnons, and illustrate it in a material with complex magnetic phases.
- Byung Cheol Park
- , Howon Lee
- & Taewoo Ha
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Article
| Open AccessReversibility of quantum resources through probabilistic protocols
The problem of reversibility within general quantum resource theories is still an open one. Here, the authors prove that a reversible entanglement manipulation framework (and, consequently, the concept of entanglement entropy) can be formally established by adjusting the setting to allow for probabilistic operations
- Bartosz Regula
- & Ludovico Lami
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Article
| Open AccessUltrafast photoluminescence and multiscale light amplification in nanoplasmonic cavity glass
This article presents a unique nanocomposite plasmonic-excitonic glass with extraordinary amplified optical properties: ultra-narrow photoluminescence (FWHM = 13 nm) and ultrashort photoluminescence lifetime (90 ps) at room temperature
- Piotr Piotrowski
- , Marta Buza
- & Dorota A. Pawlak
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Article
| Open AccessCorrelation-driven nonequilibrium exciton site transition in a WSe2/WS2 moiré supercell
Correlated insulator states of moire excitons in transition metal dichalcogenide heterostructures have attracted significant attention recently. Here the authors use time-resolved pump-probe spectroscopy to demonstrate the effects of non-equilibrium correlations of moire excitons in WSe2/WS2 heterobilayers.
- Jinjae Kim
- , Jiwon Park
- & Hyunyong Choi
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Article
| Open AccessUsing strain to uncover the interplay between two- and three-dimensional charge density waves in high-temperature superconducting YBa2Cu3Oy
Strain is a valuable tuning knob for studying the electronic properties of quantum materials. Here, the authors use strain to modulate and study the competition between 2D and 3D charge orders in a high-temperature superconductor.
- I. Vinograd
- , S. M. Souliou
- & M. Le Tacon
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Article
| Open AccessResolved magnetohydrodynamic wave lensing in the solar corona
Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves observed on the Sun help understanding solar plasma and involved processes. Here, the authors show resolved MHD waves in the solar corona displaying MHD lensing effect.
- Xinping Zhou
- , Yuandeng Shen
- & Chengrui Zhou
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Article
| Open AccessProgrammable photoacoustic patterning of microparticles in air
Here the authors integrate optical and acoustic manipulation techniques to generate localized Lamb fields that emulate arbitrary laser patterns and demonstrate programmable nanoparticle patterning over a centimeter-scale area.
- Ruoqin Zhang
- , Xichuan Zhao
- & Feng Li
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Article
| Open AccessMotility-induced coexistence of a hot liquid and a cold gas
Inertial active matter can self-organize into coexisting phases that feature different temperatures, but experimental realizations are limited. Here, the authors report the coexistence of hot liquid and cold gas states in mixtures of overdamped active and inertial passive Brownian particles, giving a broader relevance.
- Lukas Hecht
- , Iris Dong
- & Benno Liebchen
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Article
| Open AccessHighly efficient field-free switching of perpendicular yttrium iron garnet with collinear spin current
Field-free switching of the perpendicular yttrium iron garnet magnetization with considerable efficiency is desired for device performance. Here, the authors demonstrate such an accomplishment with a collinear spin current in Py.
- Man Yang
- , Liang Sun
- & Haifeng Ding
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Article
| Open AccessExtreme terahertz magnon multiplication induced by resonant magnetic pulse pairs
The authors demonstrate high-order terahertz nonlinear magnonics using two-dimensional coherent spectroscopy, revealing the emergence of seventh-order spin-wave mixing and sixth harmonic magnon generation within an antiferromagnetic orthoferrite.
- C. Huang
- , L. Luo
- & J. Wang
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Comment
| Open AccessThe promises and challenges of many-body quantum technologies: A focus on quantum engines
Can many-body systems be beneficial to designing quantum technologies? We address this question by examining quantum engines, where recent studies indicate potential benefits through the harnessing of many-body effects, such as divergences close to phase transitions. However, open questions remain regarding their real-world applications.
- Victor Mukherjee
- & Uma Divakaran
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Article
| Open AccessQuantum phase synchronization via exciton-vibrational energy dissipation sustains long-lived coherence in photosynthetic antennas
Photosynthesis in biological systems occurs in a noisy environment that reduces the lifetime of coherences in the excitation energy transfer. Here the author demonstrate that long-lasting coherences are protected by quantum phase synchronization, realized in dimers by exciton-vibrational coupling where energy dissipation occurs predominantly in resonant anti-symmetric collective modes.
- Ruidan Zhu
- , Wenjun Li
- & Yuxiang Weng
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Article
| Open AccessProbing the tunable multi-cone band structure in Bernal bilayer graphene
Bernal-stacked bilayer graphene (BLG) has been extensively studied due to its tunable band gap and emerging electronic properties, but its low-energy band structure remains debated. Here, the authors report magnetotransport measurements of Bernal BLG, showing evidence of four Dirac cones and electrically induced topological transitions.
- Anna M. Seiler
- , Nils Jacobsen
- & R. Thomas Weitz
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Article
| Open AccessSpiral packing and chiral selectivity in model membranes probed by phase-resolved sum-frequency generation microscopy
The properties of lipid membranes are intimately controlled by their complex heterogeneous structure. Here, the authors use phase-resolved sum-frequency generation microscopy to fully determine the hierarchical lipid packing from the molecular to the mesoscopic scale.
- Alexander P. Fellows
- , Ben John
- & Martin Thämer
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Article
| Open AccessViolation of emergent rotational symmetry in the hexagonal Kagome superconductor CsV
3 Sb5 Superconductors with hexagonal symmetry are expected to be isotropic particularly near the critical temperature Tc, a property called emergent rotational symmetry (ERS). Here, the authors use calorimetry to study the hexagonal kagome superconductor CsV3Sb5 and find a violation of the expected ERS, hinting at realization of exotic superconductivity.
- Kazumi Fukushima
- , Keito Obata
- & Shingo Yonezawa
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Article
| Open AccessDynamics of collective cooperation under personalised strategy updates
Collective cooperation is found across many social and biological systems. Here, the authors find that infrequent hub updates promote the emergence of collective cooperation and develop an algorithm that optimises collective cooperation with update rates.
- Yao Meng
- , Sean P. Cornelius
- & Aming Li
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Article
| Open AccessNonlocality activation in a photonic quantum network
Entangled local states can be made capable of violating Bell inequalities via nonlocality activation. Typical theoretical approaches require processing many copies of the original state and performing joint measurements on the ensemble. Here, instead, the authors experimentally demonstrate how to do so using a single copy of the state, broadcasting it to two spatially separated parties within a three-node network.
- Luis Villegas-Aguilar
- , Emanuele Polino
- & Geoff J. Pryde
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Article
| Open AccessThe fluidic memristor as a collective phenomenon in elastohydrodynamic networks
Collective behavior of nonlinear soft valves forming fluid flow networks is not well understood. The authors reveal the mechanisms underlying the collective behavior of soft flow networks with negative differential resistance elements.
- Alejandro Martínez-Calvo
- , Matthew D. Biviano
- & Miguel Ruiz-García
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Article
| Open AccessEnhancements of electric field and afterglow of non-equilibrium plasma by Pb(ZrxTi1−x)O3 ferroelectric electrode
The physics of how ferroelectric materials enhance plasma properties and discharge is unclear. Here, the authors enhance surface charge, electric field and afterglow of nonequilibrium plasma by ferroelectric barrier discharge with evidence from laser diagnostics.
- Yijie Xu
- , Ning Liu
- & Yiguang Ju
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Article
| Open AccessThe nature of non-phononic excitations in disordered systems
The frequency scaling exponent of low-frequency vibrational excitations in glasses remains controversial in the literature. Here, Schirmacher et al. show that the exponent depends on the statistics of the small values of the local stresses, which is governed by the detail of interaction potential.
- Walter Schirmacher
- , Matteo Paoluzzi
- & Giancarlo Ruocco
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Article
| Open AccessImpact of molecular symmetry on crystallization pathways in highly supersaturated KH2PO4 solutions
The molecular symmetry of solute structure in aqueous solutions is a key clue to understand Ostwald’s step rule. Here, the authors show that molecular symmetry and its structural evolution can govern the crystallization pathways in aqueous solutions.
- Yong Chan Cho
- , Sooheyong Lee
- & Geun Woo Lee
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Article
| Open AccessA bionic self-driven retinomorphic eye with ionogel photosynaptic retina
Luo et al. report a self-driven hemispherical retinomorphic eye that employs ionogel heterojunctions as photoreceptors. This photoreceptor exhibits broadband photosynapse, high conformability, retinal transplantation, and visual restoration for re-time optical imaging and motion tracking.
- Xu Luo
- , Chen Chen
- & Wei Huang
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Article
| Open AccessGiant Faraday rotation in atomically thin semiconductors
Here, the authors perform Faraday rotation spectroscopy around the excitonic transitions in hBN-encapsulated WSe2 and MoSe2 monolayers, and interlayer excitons in MoS2 bilayers. They measure a large Verdet constant - 1.9 × 107 deg T−¹cm−¹ for monolayers, and attribute it to the giant oscillator strength and high g-factor of the excitons.
- Benjamin Carey
- , Nils Kolja Wessling
- & Ashish Arora
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Matters Arising
| Open AccessReply to: Quantum mechanical rules for observed observers and the consistency of quantum theory
- Lídia del Rio
- & Renato Renner
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