Innate lymphoid cells articles within Nature Communications

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  • Article
    | Open Access

    Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) have important functions in inflammatory bowel disease. Here, the authors show that TL1A/DR3 signalling stimulates ILC3s to produce GM-CSF, thereby recruiting inflammatory cells, which results in subsequent IL-23-dependent loss of ILC3s and further intestinal inflammation.

    • Jingyu Li
    • , Wenli Shi
    •  & Ju Qiu

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Here, Frisbee et al. show that hypervirulent Clostridium difficile induces IL-33 expression in the gut and IL-33 reduces mortality and morbidity via group 2 innate lymphoid cells. Furthermore, serum levels of the soluble IL-33 decoy receptor, sST2, are associated with enhanced disease severity in human C. difficile patients.

    • Alyse L. Frisbee
    • , Mahmoud M. Saleh
    •  & William A. Petri Jr.

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Innate lymphoid cells (ILC), including natural killer (NK) cells, are important innate immune regulators. Here the authors show that, in human infant intestines, CD103+Eomes+ NK cells are the predominant ILC population, but are replaced gradually by Eomes+ T cells, while NKp44+ NK cells persist in adult intestines.

    • Adrian F. Sagebiel
    • , Fenja Steinert
    •  & Madeleine J. Bunders

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Type-2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are an immune population secreting Th2 cytokines playing a role in the regulation of adipose metabolic homeostasis. Here the authors show that engagement of GITR, a member of the TNF superfamily, in activated ILC2s is protective against insulin resistance in both a preventive and a therapeutic manner in the context of obesity.

    • Lauriane Galle-Treger
    • , Ishwarya Sankaranarayanan
    •  & Omid Akbari

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) are important mediators for allergy, but how ILC2 are regulated under chronic inflammation is still unclear. Here the authors show that Runx transcription factors, which normally suppresses ILC2 activation at steady state, help promote ILC2 activation and type 2 cytokine production in lung allergy mouse models.

    • Chizuko Miyamoto
    • , Satoshi Kojo
    •  & Takashi Ebihara

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The metabolic regulator protein family, mTOR, regulate natural killer (NK) cell development and function, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. Here, the authors show that Raptor/mTORC1 and Rictor/mTORC2 form a feedback crosstalk network to variegate cytokine and cellular signaling and modulate NK maturation and effector functions.

    • Fangjie Wang
    • , Meng Meng
    •  & Youcai Deng

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Natural killer cells may respond better on second antigen encounters, but how this memory is induced or maintained in vivo is not clear. Here the authors show that memory NK cells expressing interleukin-7 (IL-7) receptor are induced in the lymph nodes but later recruited to liver for long term, IL-7 dependent survival and memory maintenance.

    • Xianwei Wang
    • , Hui Peng
    •  & Zhigang Tian

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Natural killer (NK) cells eliminate damaged cells, but spare healthy ones by recognizing their expressed ligands via NK inhibitory receptors. Here the authors solve the structure of an NK inhibitory receptor, NKR-P1B, bound to its ligand, Clr-b, with further data suggesting a weak interaction and informing on the basis of missing-self recognition.

    • Gautham R. Balaji
    • , Oscar A. Aguilar
    •  & Richard Berry

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Studying the uterine lymphocyte pool is difficult due to its dynamic nature induced by various pregnancy-related factors. Here the authors provide, using transcriptome data from sorted mouse group 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILC), a molecular atlas of these cells, which implicates tissue-resident natural killer cells as a hub for uterine immune crosstalk.

    • Iva Filipovic
    • , Laura Chiossone
    •  & Francesco Colucci

  • Article
    | Open Access

    T helper 2 (Th2) cells and type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) respond differently to interleukin-33 (IL-33) stimulation. Here the authors show that a phosphatase, Dusp10, is expressed in Th2, but not ILC2, to dephosphorylate p38 kinase, reduce GATA3 transcription factor activity, and suppress the induction of IL-5 in response to IL-33.

    • Takeshi Yamamoto
    • , Yusuke Endo
    •  & Toshinori Nakayama

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Natural killer (NK) cells are important for eliminating cells under stress or infected by virus, and may have a function in anti-HIV immunity. Here the authors show that different NK-activating stimuli induce distinct transcriptional fingerprints in human NK cells that are analogous to changes caused by HIV vaccination or chronic infection.

    • Margaret C. Costanzo
    • , Dohoon Kim
    •  & Michael A. Eller

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) are thought to be a uniform population of effector cells that produce IL-5 and IL-13. Here, the authors shown that, in mice, IL-33 can alternatively activate these cells to generate a molecularly distinct IL-10-producing subset designated ILC210.

    • Corey R. Seehus
    • , Asha Kadavallore
    •  & Jonathan Kaye

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Tumour hypoxia influences both the immune responses and angiogenesis. Here, the authors show that HIF-1α deletion in NK cells impairs NK cytotoxic activity but inhibit tumour growth by decreasing the infiltration of NK cells that express angiostatic soluble VEGFR-1, thus resulting in non-functional angiogenesis.

    • Ewelina Krzywinska
    • , Chahrazade Kantari-Mimoun
    •  & Christian Stockmann

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Spondyloarthritis is an inflammatory disease with Th17 cells implicated in the pathogenesis. Here the authors show that patients with spondyloarthritis have increased numbers of GM-CSF-secreting blood and synovial lymphocytes, Th17 or not, that carry a unique transcriptional profile including enhanced GPR65 expression.

    • M. H. Al-Mossawi
    • , L. Chen
    •  & P. Bowness

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Zbtb16-encoded transcription factor PLZF directs the differentiation of multiple innate and innate-like cell lineages, but how Zbtb16 itself is regulated remains unclear. Here the authors show, using CRISPR gene editing, ATAC-seq and ChIP-seq, that specific Runx1-bound enhancer elements critically modulate lineage-dependent expressions of PLZF.

    • Ai-Ping Mao
    • , Isabel E. Ishizuka
    •  & Albert Bendelac

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) modulate inflammatory and allergic responses, but their function in cancer immunity is still unclear. Here the authors show that, in acute promyelocytic leukaemia, tumour-activated ILC2s secrete IL-13 to induce myeloid-derived suppressor cells and support tumour growth.

    • Sara Trabanelli
    • , Mathieu F. Chevalier
    •  & Camilla Jandus

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Innate lymphoid cells (ILC) are thought to direct immune responses, but little is known about the development and maintenance of ILC subsets. Here the authors show that WASH maintains the pool of NKp46+ ILC3s by recruiting Arid1a to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor promoter and inducing its expression.

    • Pengyan Xia
    • , Jing Liu
    •  & Zusen Fan

  • Article
    | Open Access

    ILC2 and ILC3 are generally thought to require IL-7. Here the authors use IL-7 ko mice and provide side-by-side comparison of ILCs from different tissues to show that IL-7 signalling is not required for intestinal ILC maintenance or function and that IL-15 can compensate for absence of IL-7.

    • Michelle L. Robinette
    • , Jennifer K. Bando
    •  & Marco Colonna

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Airway hyperreactivity is driven by type 2 cytokines produced by ILC2 and Th2 cells. Here the authors show that an α7-nicotinic receptor agonist (GTS-21) inhibits ILC2 responses and is therapeutic against Alternaria-induced airway hyperreactivity in a humanized mouse model.

    • Lauriane Galle-Treger
    • , Yuzo Suzuki
    •  & Omid Akbari

  • Article
    | Open Access

    In normal skin, Notch directs keratinocytes to terminally differentiate. Here the authors show that Notch1 has a wider role in skin repair; Notch1 is activated in keratinocytes after damage and drives transcription of TNFα and inflammatory chemokines, which in turn recruit ILC3s and macrophages that promote repair.

    • Zhi Li
    • , Tom Hodgkinson
    •  & Carrie A. Ambler

  • Article |

    NCR+type 3 innate lymphoid cells display lymphoid tissue-inducing ability. Here the authors show that these cells are increased in early-stage human lung cancer, respond to cancer cells and associated fibroblasts by producing cytokines and are associated to intratumoural ectopic lymphoid structures.

    • Paolo Carrega
    • , Fabrizio Loiacono
    •  & Guido Ferlazzo

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Monocytes are important for antimicrobial host defence in the intestine but the mechanism behind their protective function is not fully understood. Seo et al. show that intestinal macrophages derived from CCR2+ monocytes support clearance of pathogenic Citrobacter rodentiumthrough activation of group 3 innate lymphoid cells.

    • Sang-Uk Seo
    • , Peter Kuffa
    •  & Nobuhiko Kamada

  • Article |

    Mutations in a scaffolding protein DOCK8 are associated with increased susceptibility to bacterial infections in patients. Here, Singh et al. show that DOCK8 regulates survival and function of a subset of innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) which are involved in the protection against enteric pathogens.

    • Akhilesh K. Singh
    • , Ahmet Eken
    •  & Mohamed Oukka

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