Comment
|
Open Access
Featured
-
-
Article
| Open AccessGender differences in the intention to study math increase with math performance
The authors show that there is a positive and linear relationship between the probability of intending to pursue math and math performance, and that this relationship is stronger among boys than among girls.
- Thomas Breda
- , Elyès Jouini
- & Clotilde Napp
-
Article
| Open AccessFemale peer mentors early in college have lasting positive impacts on female engineering students that persist beyond graduation
The authors report findings from their study of female student participants interested in engineering at college entry who were randomly assigned to a female peer mentor, male mentor, or no mentor for their first year of college. The authors show that students assigned to a female peer mentor show benefits in psychological experiences in engineering, aspirations to pursue postgraduate engineering degrees, and emotional well-being, which persists up to one year after graduation.
- Deborah J. Wu
- , Kelsey C. Thiem
- & Nilanjana Dasgupta
-
Comment
| Open AccessCommunity voices: Achieving real diversity in STEM requires the ability to transform institutions
Resilience is often invoked to address systemic marginalization (e.g. racism) in academia but inadvertently maintains harmful systems. We argue that the ability to transform systems, as opposed to persevering within them, must be prioritized to make real, lasting change.
- Jory C. Lerback
- , Monique M. Holt
- & Stephanie Alvarez
-
Article
| Open AccessModeling assortative mating and genetic similarities between partners, siblings, and in-laws
Assortative mating could violate the assumption of random mating used in many genetic studies. Here, the authors study more than 25,000 Norwegian families to find genetic similarity between partners, siblings, and in-laws in genetic factors related to educational attainment, height, and depression.
- Fartein Ask Torvik
- , Espen Moen Eilertsen
- & Eivind Ystrom
-
Comment
| Open AccessA Just Digital framework to ensure equitable achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals
While the technological revolution is accelerating, digital poverty is undermining the Sustainable Development Goals. This article introduces a justice-oriented digital framework which considers how fair access to digital capabilities, commodities, infrastructure, and governance can reduce global inequality and advance the SDGs.
- Katriona O’Sullivan
- , Serena Clark
- & Malcolm MacLachlan
-
Article
| Open AccessShifting parental beliefs about child development to foster parental investments and improve school readiness outcomes
Parents’ investments in their children are a critical input in the production of early skills, yet those investments differ across socioeconomic backgrounds. Here the authors show that variations in parental beliefs about the impact of such investments can be one of the sources of investment disparities, and report interventions that can potentially shift those beliefs.
- John A. List
- , Julie Pernaudet
- & Dana L. Suskind
-
Article
| Open AccessNeural alignment predicts learning outcomes in students taking an introduction to computer science course
Learning and remembering new information is a major challenge for students of all levels. Here, the authors show that “neural alignment” across brains is associated with learning success of STEM concepts in a real-life college course and predicts learning outcomes.
- Meir Meshulam
- , Liat Hasenfratz
- & Uri Hasson
-
Article
| Open AccessA versatile and customizable low-cost 3D-printed open standard for microscopic imaging
Open standard microscopy is urgently needed to give low-cost solutions to researchers and to overcome the reproducibility crisis in science. Here the authors present a 3D-printed, open-source modular microscopy toolbox UC2 (You. See. Too.) for a few hundred Euros.
- Benedict Diederich
- , René Lachmann
- & Rainer Heintzmann
-
Article
| Open AccessSingle-molecule detection on a portable 3D-printed microscope
Single-molecule in vitro assays require dedicated confocal microscopes equipped with fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) modules. Here the authors present a compact, cheap and open-source 3D-printed confocal microscope for single photon counting and FCS measurements, and use it to detect α-synuclein aggregation.
- James W. P. Brown
- , Arnaud Bauer
- & Yann Gambin
-
Article
| Open AccessEarly coauthorship with top scientists predicts success in academic careers
By examining publication records of scientists from four disciplines, the authors show that coauthoring a paper with a top-cited scientist early in one's career predicts lasting increases in career success, especially for researchers affiliated with less prestigious institutions.
- Weihua Li
- , Tomaso Aste
- & Giacomo Livan
-
Article
| Open AccessFemales show more sustained performance during test-taking than males
Females tend to perform poorer than males on math and science tests, but better on verbal reading tests. Here, by analysing performance during a cognitive test, the authors provide evidence that females are better able to sustain their performance during a test across all of these topics.
- Pau Balart
- & Matthijs Oosterveen
-
Article
| Open AccessMendelian randomisation analysis of the effect of educational attainment and cognitive ability on smoking behaviour
Higher educational attainment is positively associated with a number of health outcomes. Here, Sanderson et al. use multivariable Mendelian randomisation analysis to test whether the association of educational attainment with smoking behaviour is direct or indirectly mediated via general cognitive ability.
- Eleanor Sanderson
- , George Davey Smith
- & Marcus R. Munafò
-
Article
| Open AccessDecoding individual differences in STEM learning from functional MRI data
People differ in their current levels of understanding of many complex concepts. Here, the authors show using fMRI that brain activity during a task that requires concept knowledge can be used to compute a ‘neural score’ of the participant’s understanding.
- Joshua S. Cetron
- , Andrew C. Connolly
- & David J. M. Kraemer
-
Article
| Open AccessIntellectual synthesis in mentorship determines success in academic careers
While successful mentors tend to train successful students in academic career, it’s unclear how mentorship determines chances of a success in a trainee. Here, Liénard and colleagues analyze approximately 20 K mentor/trainee relationships in life sciences, and find that success of trainees is associated with an intellectual synthesis between their mentors’ research.
- Jean F. Liénard
- , Titipat Achakulvisut
- & Stephen V. David
-
Article
| Open AccessGender differences in individual variation in academic grades fail to fit expected patterns for STEM
Men are over-represented in the STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) workforce even though girls outperform boys in these subjects at school. Here, the authors cast doubt on one leading explanation for this paradox, the ‘variability hypothesis’.
- R. E. O’Dea
- , M. Lagisz
- & S. Nakagawa
-
Article
| Open AccessMeta-analysis of gene–environment-wide association scans accounting for education level identifies additional loci for refractive error
This report by the Consortium for Refractive Error and Myopia uses gene-environment-wide interaction study (GEWIS) to identify genetic loci that affect environmental influence in myopia development, and identifies ethnic specific genetic loci that attribute to eye refractive errors.
- Qiao Fan
- , Virginie J. M. Verhoeven
- & Kari Matti Mäkelä