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Einkorn genomics sheds light on history of the oldest domesticated wheat
Around 1% of the A subgenome of modern bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) originates from einkorn (Triticum monococcum), the first domesticated wheat species.
- Hanin Ibrahim Ahmed
- , Matthias Heuberger
- & Simon G. Krattinger
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Article
| Open Access
Semi-automated assembly of high-quality diploid human reference genomes
Which combination of current genome sequencing and assembly approaches results in high-quality, complete diploid genome assemblies is determined.
- Erich D. Jarvis
- , Giulio Formenti
- & Karen H. Miga
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Article |
Activation of homologous recombination in G1 preserves centromeric integrity
Centromeres are able to recruit the homologous recombination machinery during G1 via CENP-A and HJURP, thereby preserving centromeric integrity even in the absence of a sister chromatid.
- Duygu Yilmaz
- , Audrey Furst
- & Evi Soutoglou
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Article
| Open Access
The structure, function and evolution of a complete human chromosome 8
The complete assembly of human chromosome 8 resolves previous gaps and reveals hidden complex forms of genetic variation, enabling functional and evolutionary characterization of primate centromeres.
- Glennis A. Logsdon
- , Mitchell R. Vollger
- & Evan E. Eichler
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Article |
Centromeres are dismantled by foundational meiotic proteins Spo11 and Rec8
The meiotic proteins Spo11 and Rec8, which ensure meiotic recombination and reductional chromosome segregation, have additional activities that challenge centromere stability by promoting centromeric nucleosome remodelling in both fission yeast and human cells.
- Haitong Hou
- , Eftychia Kyriacou
- & Julia Promisel Cooper
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Article |
Convergent genes shape budding yeast pericentromeres
The three-dimensional structure of pericentromeres in budding yeast is defined by convergent genes, which mark pericentromere borders and trap cohesin complexes loaded at centromeres, generating an architecture that allows correct chromosome segregation.
- Flora Paldi
- , Bonnie Alver
- & Adele L. Marston
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Letter |
Untimely expression of gametogenic genes in vegetative cells causes uniparental disomy
Uniparental disomy in fission yeast is triggered by aberrant expression of gametogenic genes in vegetative cells, and is associated with the activation of meiotic cohesin Rec8 in cells with defects in the RNA interference machinery.
- H. Diego Folco
- , Venkata R. Chalamcharla
- & Shiv I. S. Grewal
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Letter |
Cohesin-dependent globules and heterochromatin shape 3D genome architecture in S. pombe
Genome-wide chromatin conformation capture (Hi-C) is used to investigate three-dimensional genome organization in Schizosaccharomyces pombe; small domains of chromatin interact locally on chromosome arms to form globules, which depend on cohesin but not heterochromatin for formation, and heterochromatin at centromeres and telomeres provides crucial structural constraints to shape genome architecture.
- Takeshi Mizuguchi
- , Geoffrey Fudenberg
- & Shiv I. S. Grewal
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Letter |
Tension sensing by Aurora B kinase is independent of survivin-based centromere localization
The current model to explain accurate chromosome segregation after DNA replication holds that kinetochore–microtubule attachments exert tension across the centromere and are stabilized by spatial separation from inner centromere-localized Aurora B; here an alternative model is presented, wherein active Aurora B produced by clustering is sufficient to ensure biorientation through a mechanism that is intrinsic to the kinetochore.
- Christopher S. Campbell
- & Arshad Desai
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Letter |
An inverse relationship to germline transcription defines centromeric chromatin in C. elegans
Centromere identity is thought to be epigenetically propagated by stable inheritance of nucleosomes containing the histone variant CENP-A; the authors propose a different model here in which germline transcription defines the genomic regions that exclude CENP-A incorporation during embryogenesis in the holocentric worm Caenorhabditis elegans.
- Reto Gassmann
- , Andreas Rechtsteiner
- & Arshad Desai
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Letter |
In vitro centromere and kinetochore assembly on defined chromatin templates
- Annika Guse
- , Christopher W. Carroll
- & Aaron F. Straight
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Letter |
Crystal structure of the human centromeric nucleosome containing CENP-A
- Hiroaki Tachiwana
- , Wataru Kagawa
- & Hitoshi Kurumizaka
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Letter |
Structural basis for recognition of centromere histone variant CenH3 by the chaperone Scm3
- Zheng Zhou
- , Hanqiao Feng
- & Yawen Bai
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Letter |
The structure of (CENP-A–H4)2 reveals physical features that mark centromeres
The centromeres of chromosomes are specified epigenetically, and the histone H3 variant CENP-A is assembled into the chromatin of all active centromeres. Here, the crystal structure of CENP-A in a tetrameric complex with histone H4 reveals the physical features of centromeric chromatin. CENP-A seems to mark the centromere by altering nucleosome structure from within its folded histone core.
- Nikolina Sekulic
- , Emily A. Bassett
- & Ben E. Black
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Letter |
Haploid plants produced by centromere-mediated genome elimination
Making haploid plants — which inherit chromosomes from only one parent — is useful for genetic research and also, crucially, for plant breeding. A new method for generating haploid Arabidopsis plants is now described, involving the manipulation of a single centromeric protein, CENH3. When cenh3 null plants are crossed with wild-type plants, the mutant chromosomes are eliminated, producing haploid progeny.
- Maruthachalam Ravi
- & Simon W. L. Chan
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Research Highlights |
Genetics: Cross out crossovers
The variation and evolution of complete human centromeres