Bile duct cancer articles from across Nature Portfolio

Cholangiocarcinoma is the second most common primary liver cancer, and its incidence is rising worldwide. This Review discusses the immunology of cholangiocarcinoma and provides a comprehensive overview of the preclinical and clinical immunotherapy studies.

There is still need for representative models of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) subtypes. Here, the authors develop organoids for two recently suggested ICC subtypes and identify distinct transcriptional profiles and potential therapeutic targets.

Diagnosis of bile duct cancer often occur in advanced stages, leading to poor survival. Here, the authors combine light scattering and diffuse reflectance spectroscopies in a minimally invasive endoscopic technique for directly assessing the malignant potential of the bile duct lining, and demonstrate 97% detection accuracy.