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In this Review, Cristino, Bisogno and Di Marzo outline the biology of cannabinoids, the endocannabinoid system and the expanded endocannabinoid system and discuss the involvement of these systems and the therapeutic potential of cannabinoids across the spectrum of neurological disease.
Amyloid-β deposition underlies the pathogenesis of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) and Alzheimer disease (AD), but the disease pathways differ. Here, Greenberg et al. consider the interactions between CAA and AD, the factors that determine which disease pathway transpires, and the implications for therapeutic development.
Trials of aducanumab in Alzheimer disease were previously discontinued following a phase III futility analysis, but Biogen now says that additional data indicate that longer exposure to the higher dose might be effective. The company is seeking FDA approval for the treatment; however, the limited data released do not establish efficacy.
Some individuals with post-stroke language impairment, or aphasia, will spontaneously recover partial language function. In this Review, the authors propose that existing hypotheses about this recovery from aphasia can be considered as examples of two principles: degeneracy and variable neuro-displacement.
Two new studies show that gliomas can manipulate normal elements of neuronal development and plasticity to create neuron–glia synapses, activation of which leads to glioma proliferation. Interventions that target the AMPA receptor could slow down tumour growth by altering this synaptic transmission.
Artificial intelligence algorithms are well suited to the fast decision making needed in the management of large vessel occlusive stroke. In a new study, a fully automated CT angiography algorithm identified large vessel occlusions with impressive sensitivity, but the work highlights the need for high reporting standards to maximize translatability.
Spinal cord injury leads to disruption of neural circuitry and connectivity, resulting in permanent neurological disability. Hutson and Di Giovanni assess the clinical potential of emerging strategies that are designed to augment neuroplasticity and promote sensorimotor recovery after spinal cord injury.
A high-salt diet leads to the development of hallmark Alzheimer disease (AD) pathology and cognitive impairment in mice, according to new research published in Nature. The study reveals previously unknown molecular mechanisms that could have therapeutic implications.