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In this Review, Wardlaw et al. discuss the anatomy, physiology and pathology of perivascular spaces, particularly as seen with MRI in humans, and consider translation from models to humans to highlight knowns, unknowns, controversies and clinical relevance.
In this Consensus statement, the Magnetic Resonance Imaging in MS (MAGNIMS) study group reviews the application of brain and spinal cord atrophy in clinical practice in the management of MS and makes consensus statements and recommendations for future research.
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are a type of neurological autoimmune disease characterized by attacks of CNS inflammation. In this Review, the authors discuss the relationship between pregnancy outcomes and NMOSD disease activity, and outline potential treatment approaches.
Risk prediction scores for dementia can help clinicians to identify at-risk individuals. If appropriately validated, these scores can also help quantify prevention potential and direct individuals to the most appropriate interventions. A new study validated the CAIDE dementia risk score by associating it with biomarker change over time.
In this Review, Tolosa et al. discuss the strategies in development for disease-modifying treatments in Parkinson disease cause by mutations in the LRRK2 gene, and consider the challenges in designing and implementing clinical trials in this condition.
Degenerative cervical myelopathy is the leading cause of spinal cord dysfunction in adults worldwide. In this Review, the authors provide a comprehensive pathophysiological and clinical overview of the condition to equip physicians across broad disciplines with the knowledge needed for its diagnosis and management.
In this Review, the authors discuss the results of recent postmortem studies of essential tremor and propose a disease model that involves both primary neurodegenerative changes and compensatory responses.
Evidence suggests that chronic neuroinflammation has an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease. However, in a new clinical trial, the tetracycline antibiotic minocycline, which has anti-inflammatory properties, failed to delay disease progression in individuals with mild Alzheimer disease.