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Thetrans-Golgi network (TGN) is a major sorting centre for lipids and proteins that lies at the crossroads of endocytic and exocytic pathways. Recent studies have started to elucidate the molecular machineries that function in sorting and trafficking at the TGN.
Oxygen is required for the survival of most organisms. Recent advances show that it is not only important for the promotion of cellular bioenergetics and metabolism, but also that it is an essential signal that regulates cell fate during embryonic development and in stem cells.
Recent studies have provided insights into the mechanisms that regulate DNA repair in specific cell-cycle phases and the pathways that ensure cell-cycle progression or arrest in normal and cancerous cells. Understanding how DNA repair is modulated during the cell cycle has important applications.
How do cytoskeletal components interact to control cellular processes? At the growing microtubule plus ends, microtubule plus-end tracking proteins (+TIPs) regulate different aspects of cell architecture by controlling microtubule dynamics, microtubule interactions with cellular structures and signalling factors, and forces exerted on microtubule networks.
Recent studies have provided insights into the mechanisms of voltage sensing and have identified new voltage-dependent proteins. Characterizing the general features of voltage sensors might lead to the discovery of further membrane proteins that are regulated by voltage.
In the shadow of societal upheaval and transformation, Eastern and South-Eastern European countries have been undergoing major reforms of their scientific and academic landscapes. Although the reforms have been slow, the success of several molecular biology institutes has highlighted what can be achieved.
Deadenylases shorten mRNA poly(A) tails and thereby regulate mRNA translation and decay. Recent studies have shown that these factors form different complexes. The recruitment of multifunctional deadenylase complexes to target mRNAs provides a unique node to control mRNA translation and decay.
