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Adipogenesis is a complex process that involves the integration of a network of signalling pathways and transcription factors. Elucidation of this network will help us understand the events that underlie adipocyte development, with implications for the growing burden of metabolic diseases.
Membrane-trafficking systems are spatially and temporally organized by the cytoskeleton and molecular motors. In the various endocytic and recycling transport events, microtubule-based long-range transport and actin-based short-range transport require the tightly regulated coordination of myosin, kinesin and dynein motors.
The concept of membrane-protein topology is at least 30-years old. However, proteome-wide data on topology, increasing numbers of high-resolution structures and detailed studies on individual proteins are now showing us how topology is determined by the amino-acid sequence.
Adenosine to inosine (A→I) RNA editing was once thought to affect only selected transcripts by altering the proteins they encode. But, numerous A→I RNA editing sites have recently been discovered in inverted repeats in non-coding regions. Also, A→I RNA editing frequently interacts with RNA-interference pathways.
The DNA-damage-induced stalling or collapse of a replication fork can cause genomic instability. This can be avoided by repair and replication-restart mechanisms, but recent evidence indicates that the removal of the blocking lesion is not always required for replication to resume.
Several new optical microscopy techniques have recently emerged that each use different combinations of photon properties. These combinatorial microscopy techniques allow the visualization of location, orientation, motion and environment of proteins and organelles well below the classic resolution limit.
Stable-isotope labelling by amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) has emerged as a simple and powerful format for quantitative proteomics. What are the current applications for SILAC? And, how will this technology be used in the future?
