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Bishop and Hawley argue against a direct relationship between changes in mRNA levels and the abundance of the proteins they encode in skeletal muscles in response to exercise.
Zheng et al. show that calcium transients at the endoplasmic reticulum surface trigger condensation of FIP200 and the formation of ULK1 assemblies for autophagosome biogenesis.
Reyes et al. show that fibroblasts with properties of cellular senescence are present in healthy epithelial tissues and — by upregulating the senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP) — they support stem-cell function and tissue repair.
Malka et al. uncover thousands of 5′ uncapped and polyadenylated transcripts (5′ UPTs) and describe their biogenesis through the alternative polyadenylation pathway. 5′ UPTs contribute to the proteome as non-canonical peptides with likely diverse biological functions.
Alternative cleavage and polyadenylation (APA) generates mRNA isoforms with alternative 3′ untranslated regions; these isoforms modulate protein abundance and functionality, including through subcellular localization of mRNA and translation. APA is modulated by signalling pathways that control co-transcriptional and post-transcriptional processes, and its dysregulation affects cell responses to environmental changes.
Phosphoinositides are signalling, membrane lipids derived from phosphatidylinositol, whose intracellular distribution and interconversion via phosphoinositide kinases and phosphatases is tightly coupled to membrane dynamics. Accordingly, phosphoinositides are now recognized as key regulators of endocytic and exocytic traffic, the autolysosomal system, and membrane contact site organization and function.
Mitochondrial respiratory function needs to adapt to the energetic demands of the cell. These adaptive responses encompass transcriptional, translational and post-translational mechanisms that together enable regulation of respiratory chain assembly and mitochondrial membrane remodelling to fine-tune energy generation in accordance with intracellular and extracellular cues.
Actin cytoskeleton underlies key cellular processes, such as membrane dynamics and cell migration. Despite years of research, how cells regulate actin filament assembly and disassembly to establish dynamic actin structures that fulfil these functions remains an exciting area of study.
