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Condensin complexes drive mitotic chromosome formation by structuring chromatin into nested loops and organizing them along a central, helical scaffold.
Perturbation of phospholipid composition in intestinal stem cells (ISCs) results in increased cholesterol biosynthesis; excess cholesterol is a driver of ISC hyperproliferation, and consequently of intestinal hypertrophy and cancer.
By editing of endogenous mRNAs, the RNA editing enzyme ADAR1 prevents interferon-induced translation shutdown and cell death, and virus-independent interferon induction in neuronal cells.
The exonuclease EXD2 prevents the overload of the mitochondrial 28S ribosome subunit with mitochondrial mRNAs, and is important for development and lifespan regulation
AMPK phosphorylates EZH2 — the catalytic subunit of the Polycomb repressive complex 2, thereby inhibiting its gene suppression function and counteracting its tumorigenic effects.
Basal mitophagy can occur independently of the kinase PINK1 in mammalian organisms, calling for further studies to elucidate the mechanisms of mitophagyin vivo.
In stress conditions the intrinsically disordered region of the prion and translation factor Sup35 promotes reversible protein phase separation instead of the more stable fibrillar aggregation.
