Volume 23 Issue 4, April 2023

Although the aryl hydrocarbon receptor has an essential role in supporting homeostasis of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes, its activation must be regulated to prevent oxidative stress and death of these cells.

Influenza viral infection trains mucosal-resident alveolar macrophages to confer long-lasting and tissue-specific immunity against subsequent lung tumours.

Fasting then re-feeding in mice causes monocyte disequilibrium and can affect host responses to pathogens.

A preprint by Le Coz et al. identifies that human T follicular regulatory cells with differences in T cell suppressive and B cell helper capacities can be derived from the regulatory T cell lineage or the T follicular helper cell lineage.

A preprint by Sikder et al. identifies a role for the maternal milk microbiota in conferring resistance to severe lower respiratory infections in offspring by promoting the development of plasmacytoid dendritic cells.

Three-dimensional (3D) genome organization has emerged as an important regulator of gene expression and genomic interaction. Here, the authors explain how 3D genome organization impacts immune cell development and function, and discuss how aberrant genome folding can contribute to immune-mediated disease and cancer.

Major human pregnancy disorders arise from the failure of placental trophoblast to access sufficient supplies of maternal oxygen and nutrients. Key to understanding this process are the interactions that occur early in pregnancy between trophoblast cells that invade the decidua and maternal uterine immune cells.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are increasingly recognized as having ubiquitous roles in the immune system. This Review focuses on the progress made in the field in the past 5 years, including the roles of EVs in innate and adaptive immunity and their potential use in diagnosis and therapy.

Many viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, can induce cellular senescence and exacerbate the senescence-associated secretory phenotype, leading to detrimental hyperinflammatory responses. Here, Schmitt and colleagues discuss the role of cellular senescence in COVID-19 as well as progress in the development of therapeutic approaches to eliminate senescent cells.