News & Comment

Jean-Laurent Casanova describes three papers by Max Cooper and colleagues that described the convergent evolution of adaptive immunity in jawless vertebrates.

SAMHD1 promotes the degradation of nascent DNA strands to protect against aberrant activation of the pro-inflammatory cGAS–STING pathway by self DNA.

Norovirus infection of tuft cells in the intestinal epithelium can be promoted by type 2 cytokines.

Strain-specific recognition of different UL40 peptides determines the proliferation and activation of NKG2C⁺ NK cells during HCMV infection.

The immunomodulatory drug dimethyl fumarate blocks GAPDH and aerobic glycolysis in activated immune cells.

Itaconate alkylates KEAP1 to regulate NRF2 activity and induce an anti-inflammatory response in macrophages

Transcriptional signatures of disease can be used for diagnosis or to gain insight into disease mechanisms. This Comment article discusses the different sets of criteria that should be considered for the optimal design of investigations addressing these two purposes, using examples from the study of tuberculosis.

Proteolytic cleavage of IL-33 by environmental allergens induces rapid induction of allergic type 2 inflammation.

NRP1-deficient macrophages show impaired fatty acid oxidation.

The ubiquitin ligase activity of CBL proteins controls the exit of B cells from the germinal centre to become plasma cells.

Hyperglycaemia directly mediates dysfunction of the intestinal epithelial barrier in obesity, leading to increased translocation of microbial products.

Sensory neurons in the lungs suppress immune responses to bacterial lung infections.

Laurent Abel describes two landmark studies from 1996 that described the genetic susceptibility of children to severe mycobacterial infections.

Activation of TGFβ signalling in invasive margins of metastatic tumours can contribute to T cell exclusion and reduced immune checkpoint therapy response.

Gut commensals induce systemic IgA responses that protect mice against lethal sepsis.

An irradiated induced pluripotent stem cell-based vaccine induces cancer immunityin vivo.

Quiescent adult stem cells escape immune surveillance by downregulating the antigen presentation machinery.

γδ T cells prevent the recurrence of malarial parasitaemia by producing M-CSF.