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The COVID-19 pandemic has provided the vital stepping stones to improve how clinical trials are conducted. We provide an overview of the major changes to the clinical trial process instigated by the pandemic and suggest ways to make these changes sustainable.
A novel sequencing technique reveals ROS-induced position-specific oxidation of microRNAs provides a mechanism whereby elevated oxidative stress within the heart leads to hypertrophy.
Gene therapy with H19, a highly conserved long non-coding RNA H19, prevents and reverses pathological cardiac hypertrophy in animal models, according to a study by Thomas Thum and colleagues.
A new clinical trial in a dish study sheds light on a new mechanism that restores endothelial dysfunction with lovastatin in induced pluripotent stem cells that are derived from patients with dilated cardiomyopathy.
Visceral adipose tissue-resident macrophages can sense remote organ injury, such as myocardial infarction. In response, they undergo apoptosis, which can initiate de novo insulin resistance.
In atherosclerosis-prone mice, administration of small interfering RNA (siRNA)–nanoparticle system targeted to lesional macrophages to silence Camk2g improves plaque stability compared with control nanoparticles.
Myocardial infarction can accelerate tumour growth in a mouse model of breast cancer by promoting the reprogramming of myelopoietic progenitors to alter long-term immune responses that contribute to a protumoural environment.
Social determinants of health in the African diaspora drive the lack of disease testing, increased prevalence of comorbid disease and reduced access to drugs, resulting in disproportionately higher COVID-19-related mortality among Black individuals than the rest of the population. We urge decisive attention to and action against ethnicity-based inequities that undermine cardiovascular health.
In a prespecified secondary analysis of the ACCELERATE trial, Puri and colleagues report a stepwise relationship between lipoprotein(a) levels and risk of major adverse cardiac events in patients with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels ≥2 mg/l.
SS-31, an inhibitor of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production, can rescue age-related cardiac dysfunction and normalize mitochondrial proton leak in old mice.
Type V collagen, a minor constituent of the myocardial scar that forms after ischaemic injury, is an important regulator of scar size via a previously unrecognized role in limiting integrin-dependent fibrosis.
Maternal exercise during pregnancy confers benefits to offspring, including improvements in glucose metabolism, adiposity and cardiac function, via an oligosaccharide present in breast milk.
Non-coding de novo variants (DNVs) contribute to congenital heart disease (CHD) through transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulatory effects during cardiac development. The proportion of individuals with CHD ascribed to non-coding DNVs might be at least as high as that with CHD attributed to coding DNVs
Yoga has been associated with improvements in numerous cardiovascular risk factors and has the potential to address the unmet needs of current cardiovascular prevention strategies. Large and well-designed clinical trials are needed to assess the benefits of yoga across the spectrum of cardiovascular diseases and to provide the evidence required for its widespread implementation.