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Cancer genomics research in Africa is crucial to understanding the genetic architecture of cancer and tailoring cancer diagnoses and therapies to African populations. Creating this research enterprise in Africa has to be purposeful with a roadmap that incorporates individual scientist-, international collaborator-, university or institution-, and scientific organization-level factors.
Zhang et al. show that, in mouse models, bone metastases can seed metastases in other organs and that this is driven by EZH2-mediated epigenetic reprogramming to promote stem cell-like features.
McDowell et al. present mechanistic insights on how obesity-associated neutrophils can modify the lung microenvironment to promote breast cancer cell extravasation.
Wang et al. showed that monoamine-oxidase A, a regulator of neuronal activity, functions as a negative feedback regulator of T cell activity in tumours.
Deregulation of chromatin modification underlies a myriad of oncogenic processes. This Review synthesizes the many connections between chromatin modifications and cancer, discussing recent advances and highlighting options for therapeutic targeting.
Variation in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is common in certain tumours. This Review discusses the relevance of heritable, somatic and ancient mtDNA variants to cancer and how subtle changes in mtDNA result in metabolic, epigenetic and transcriptional changes that affect carcinogenesis.
This Review discusses how long noncoding RNAs influence metastasis by functioning in discrete pro-metastatic steps including the epithelial–mesenchymal transition, invasion and migration and organotrophic colonization, and by influencing the tumour microenvironment. Diagnostic and therapeutic potential as well as controversies and ongoing technical challenges are discussed.
Disseminated leukaemia cells share many characteristics with metastasizing solid tumour cells. This Perspective discusses the key molecular processes that facilitate leukaemia metastasis, drawing comparisons with leukocyte trafficking and features of solid tumour invasion. Current and future strategies to target leukaemia metastasis are also discussed.
