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This Opinion article highlights the similarities in the pathways involved in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) generation and tumorigenesis. The authors hope that collaboration between researchers working with iPSCs and cancer cells will facilitate progress towards safe and effective regenerative medicine, as well as more effective targeted cancer therapy.
Eswarappaet al. have identified a novel anti-angiogenic form of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) that is produced by programmed translational readthrough.
Two recent papers have identified pathways by which malignant cells, or the therapy used to treat them, can influence the bone marrow niche to promote progression of haematopoietic malignancies.
This Review discusses the role of the tumour microenvironment in the pathogenesis of B cell lymphomas, proposing three main types of lymphoma-associated tumour microenvironment.
Oncolytic viruses were originally designed as tumour-lysing therapeutics. However, they also initiate systemic antitumour immune responses. Can these viruses be exploited to enhance antitumour immune responses, and how might they be combined with other cancer immunotherapies?
The incidence of cancer in the small intestine is considerably lower than the incidence of cancer in the large intestine. Why might this be? This article suggests that the microbiota might be part of the explanation for this difference.
Mutations in the RAF family have been associated with several types of cancer, with BRAF mutations being the most common. This led to the development of BRAF inhibitors, which initially improve clinical responses but frequently induce more aggressive, drug-resistant disease and secondary tumours. This Review discusses what we know about RAF mutants in cancer and the lessons learned about acquired drug resistance, especially feedback signalling and the effects of dosing regimens.
Highfillet al. find that blocking CXCR2 prevents MDSCs from infiltrating embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas, which improves the response to immune checkpoint blockade.
de Jonget al. provide an overview of recent developments in molecular imaging and oncological animal models in basic and translational cancer research, with an emphasis on how to improve the translational value of preclinical imaging studies.
Normal epithelia can use apical cell extrusion to remove cells without disrupting their barrier function. However, oncogenic mutations can shift extrusion basally, and this Opinion article asks whether this might promote cell invasion and metastasis.
This Review discusses recent studies that offer quantitative insights into the dynamics of intestinal stem cell behaviour that govern homeostasis. These studies provide the necessary baseline parameters such that we can begin to understand stem cell behaviour during colorectal cancer development.
