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A lentiviral screening platform for camelid-derived antibody fragments (VHHs) identifies 19 antiviral VHHs that protect human cells from influenza A virus or vesicular stomatitis virus by preventing vRNP nuclear import or mRNA transcription.
Organisms previously thought to be endemic to marine hydrothermal vents have been found in the pelagic realm, albeit at low abundance, supporting the open ocean seed bank hypothesis for the colonization of geographically distant vent habitats.
A manually curated metabolic module framework for (meta)genomic data analysis identifies species-function relationships in gut microbial genomes and microbiomes, revealing significant genus-level metabolic diversification linked to bacterial life-strategy.
Shigella flexneri effectors, IpaH1.4 and IpaH2.5, target the E3 linear ubiquitin chain ligase complex (LUBAC) for degradation to inhibit downstream immune signalling during infection.
Influenza virus utilizes splicing factors stored at nuclear speckles through an intranuclear trafficking pathway, which targets viral M1 mRNA to nuclear speckles to promote post-transcriptional splicing and then transports the spliced M2 mRNA from the nucleus.
Antigenic variants from human H1N1 and H3N2 influenza virus libraries possessing random mutations in the haemagglutinin protein, selected by incubation with human and/or ferret convalescent sera, identify escape variants similar to those that have emerged in nature.
Fully replication competent HIV-1 viruses engineered to harbour a foreign epitope tag enabled the unbiased characterization of the cellular interactomes of viral Env and Vif proteins during the natural infection of human lymphocytes.
Whole genome sequencing coupled with assessment of maternal recto–vaginal Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus) colonization, stillbirth and neonatal disease reveals the disease burden and bacterial population structure in coastal Kenya.
Influenza virus PB2 and M1 induce translocation of host protein CLUH from the cytoplasm to SC35-positive speckles in the nucleoplasm where it has a role in subnuclear transport of the viral ribonucleoprotein.
Global sampling campaigns show that the CHAB-I-5 Roseobacter cluster is abundant in the marine environment, and found from the poles to the tropics. Analysis of the draft genome of strain SB2 reveals adaptation to an oligotrophic lifestyle.
Analysis of 60 sites in three ocean basins suggests that overgrowth of fleshy algae on coral reefs supports higher microbial abundances dominated by copiotrophic, potentially pathogenic bacteria via the provision of dissolved inorganic carbon.
High fidelity, ultra-deep sequencing of a modified replicon system revealed >1000-fold differences in mutation rate across the hepatitis C virus genome, with extreme variation even between adjacent nucleotides.
Antibiotic-mediated selection may promote or suppress conjugation dynamics, dependent on the population structure, physiological status of cells and energy availability.
Enrichment of oral microbiota in the bronchoalveolar lavage of apparently healthy people is associated with a pro-inflammatory phenotype, suggesting that aspiration-derived microbiota play a role in regulating basal inflammatory status.
The mosquito gut microbiome utilizes C-type lectins to evade the bactericidal capacity of host-derived antimicrobial peptides, providing a mechanism for microbiome-induced manipulation of host immunity and maintenance of gut homeostasis.