Volume 25 Issue 3, March 2019

Cancer registries that track tumors as they spread could reveal how these growths metastasize

Georgina V. Long is co-medical director of Melanoma Institute Australia and Chair of Melanoma Medical Oncology and Translational Research. She is the first woman president of the Society for Melanoma Research.

Samra Turajlic is a consultant medical oncologist at the Royal Marsden National Health Service Foundation Trust and a clinician–scientist at the Francis Crick Institute.

Transcriptional signatures and immune cell infiltrates associated with immune activation distinguish patients with glioblastoma who initially respond to immune checkpoint blockade from those who do not.

Non-invasive prenatal diagnostics allow for the successful identification of paternally inherited and de novo mongenic diseases using circulating cell-free DNA.

Application of immunoprofiling of human peripheral blood samples from an aging cohort identifies changes in the immune system that inform our understanding of age-associated complex diseases.

The analysis of autopsy material from individuals with multiple sclerosis with single-cell transcriptomics and ¹⁴C carbon dating calls for a reevaluation of mature oligodendrocytes in myelin repair.

Childhood cancers are developmentally distinct from adult cancers and arise from cellular reprogramming as a result of epigenetic mutations or gene fusions, providing unique therapeutic opportunities.

The microbiome influences response to cancer therapy, including cancer immunotherapy, and also plays a role in therapeutic toxicity.

Responders and non-responders to cancer immunotherapy can be identified through a range of genomic markers.

Targeting epigenetic modifications is an effective cancer therapeutic approach and can be combined with other therapeutics for maximal effect.

AAV-mediated CRISPR–Cas9 therapy extends lifespan and ameliorates disease-related phenotypes in a mouse model of Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome.

AAV-mediated CRISPR/Cas9 therapy extends life span and ameliorates disease-related phenotypes in a mouse model of Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome.

In the mdx mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, single intravenous administration of AAV-CRISPR–Cas9 vectors provides efficient genome editing and restoration of dystrophin expression lasting for one year.

A natural language processing system can support physicians in diagnostic assessments by extracting clinical information from electronic medical records to accurately predict diagnosis in pediatric patients.

A non-invasive prenatal test utilizing cell-free DNA simultaneously detects mutations in 30 genes frequently associated with dominant monogenic diseases and demonstrates high accuracy in human clinical samples.

Specific members of the gut microbiota are critical for regulating allergic responses to dietary antigens.

Neoadjuvant PD-1 blockade in patients with resectable melanoma followed by adjuvant maintenance results in early immunological effects driving clinical benefit and reveals transcriptional and genomic mechanisms of response.

Genomic, transcriptomic, and microenvironmental analyses of samples from patients with glioblastoma treated with nivolumab or pembrolizumab identifies features associated with treatment response that may help in refining patient stratification.

Neoadjuvant nivolumab treatment in patients with glioblastoma induces intratumoral immune activation and underscores the need for rationale-based combination approaches for improving clinical responses.

Neoadjuvant pembrolizumab promotes a survival benefit with intratumoral and systemic immune responses in patients with recurrent glioblastoma.

An integrated high-dimensional measurement of immune age describes a person’s immune status better than chronological age and predicts all-cause mortality.

ApoE is a direct checkpoint inhibitor of unresolvable inflammation in neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases

Defects in the regulation of leptin gene expression can lead to a hypoleptinemic, leptin-responsive form of obesity.

A multi-omics survey of progressive compared to regressive carcinoma in situ lesions provides a molecular map of early lung cancer development.