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A machine learning-derived gene signature that integrates germline HLA characteristics with a distinct spatial community of CD8+ T cells and tumor-associated macrophages showing immunogenic interactions is predictive of the response to immunotherapy in patients with advanced kidney cancer.
In a real-world Swedish cohort of 28,017 women, screening for cervical cancer using a DNA methylation-based tool, the WID-qCIN test, either alone or in combination with HPV16/18 genotyping, showed better performance than cytology in triaging HPV-positive women.
The 5-Cog paradigm, a culturally fair and non-literacy biased cognitive detection tool paired with a clinical decision support improved cognitive impairment diagnosis and management threefold in primary care patients with cognitive concerns.
A proteomic risk score for cardiorespiratory fitness, comprising as few as 21 proteins, is dynamic with exercise training and helps predict the risk of mortality and a range of cardiovascular, metabolic and neurological conditions.
In patients with newly diagnosed, transplant-ineligible multiple myeloma, addition of weekly bortzomib to isatuximab, lenalidomide and dexamethasone leads to increased minimal residual disease negativity compared with isatuximab, lenalidomide and dexamethasone.
Results of the phase 2 trial of CD19 CAR T cell therapy lisocabtagene maraleucel in patients with relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma, most of whom were treated in a third-line or later setting, show encouraging objective response rates in these high-risk patients.
In the largest study so far of CAR T cells in patients with solid tumors, autologous CLDN18.2-targeting CAR T cell therapy was well tolerated in patients with advanced CLDN18.2-positive gastrointestinal cancers, with an overall response rate of 42.2% and a disease control rate of 91.1%.
A prospective observational study including 2,882 kidney allograft recipients from 14 transplantation centers in Europe and the US show that cell-free DNA can be used to detect kidney allograft rejection.
Secondary and selected exploratory endpoints of the DESTINY-Breast03 trial of trastuzumab deruxtecan or trastuzumab emtansine in patients with advanced HER2-positive breast cancer are reported, including updated efficacy and safety data after a median follow-up of 41 months.
In an exploratory analysis of the Keynote-361 phase 3 trial that tested immunotherapy and chemotherapy in advanced urothelial carcinoma, different early ctDNA dynamics were observed between the two treatments, and ctDNA levels were associated with response to pembrolizumab, but not to chemotherapy. Anna Maria Ranzoni, in collaboration with the Nature Medicine team.
In a phase 3 randomized controlled trial comparing secondary cytoreduction plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in patients with relapsed ovarian cancer, the coprimary endpoint of overall survival was not statistically different, but in a prespecified sensitivity analysis adjusted for patients who underwent crossover surgery following tumor relapse, there was an increase in overall survival.
In this phase 1 trial, treatment of patients with ER+HER2− metastatic breast cancer with a selective catalytic inhibitor of the lysine acetyltransferase KAT6 shows a manageable safety profile and encouraging preliminary clinical efficacy.
In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial, the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor small-molecule inhibitor fruquintinib plus chemotherapy significantly extended progression-free survival, but not overall survival, as second-line therapy in patients with advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancers.