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Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) have functions beyond oligodendrogenesis. Here the authors show that OPCs can engulf thalamocortical presynapses in response to sensory experience in mice.
Fiber photometry can record brain dynamics, but the biological source of the signal remains unclear. The authors report that fiber photometry in striatum mainly reflects nonsomatic, and not somatic or spiking-related, changes in calcium.
The structural and functional development of the human cerebellum is not well known. The cerebellum shows a gradient of tissue properties across its lobules, each of which develops at a unique rate and closely follows changes in function across childhood.
Consumption of excessive high-fat diet (HFD) induces compulsive feeding. Here the authors show HFD-induced microglia activation in the anterior paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus plays a crucial role in promoting compulsive eating behavior.
fMRI reveals similar topography, selectivity and inter-connectedness of language brain areas across 45 languages. These properties may allow the language system to handle the shared features of languages, shaped by biological and cultural evolution.
The authors found that the expression of spatial maps in the hippocampus is modulated by the internal state of an animal. Thus, the brain’s code for spatial positions within an environment can transform even without changes to the external world.
Mazzitelli, Smyth and colleagues show that cerebrospinal fluid gains direct access to skull bone marrow niches via dura–skull channels, allowing for the CNS context-dependent regulation of immune supply to the meninges.
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells exist in abundance throughout the brain lifelong, with unclear functions. Xiao et al. show that, in zebrafish, these cells regulate the precise formation of retinal ganglion cell arbors and fine-tune visual processing.
Neely et al. investigated the regeneration of different oligodendrocytes after demyelination. They found that newly generated cells exhibit much more proficient remyelination than those that survive demyelination, with implications for MS.