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Feeding and stress are deeply related to each other, yet neural circuits how they interact are not fully understood. Here, the authors show that the parabrachial-to-parasubthalamic nucleus pathway is involved in fear-induced feeding suppression.
Methods to predict genome-wide off-target activities of prime editors (PEs) are currently lacking. Here the authors report a cell-based assay, TAgmentation of Prime Editor sequencing (TAPE-seq), that provides genome-wide off-target candidates for PEs.
In animals, sensory systems appear optimized for the statistics of the external world. Here the authors take an artificial psychophysics approach, analysing sensory responses in artificial neural networks, and show why these demonstrate the same phenomenon as natural sensory systems.
Elevated body mass index is heritable and associated with many health conditions that impact morbidity and mortality. Here, the authors identify greater than 900 genetic loci for body mass index (BMI) and find over 300 diagnoses associated with increasing BMI.
Latin America is the world’s most urbanized region and its heterogeneous urban development may impact chronic diseases. In this study, the authors evaluate the association of built environment characteristics with body mass index, obesity, and type 2 diabetes.
Pretomanid has been approved for use in cases of multi-drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis, yet the penetration of this antibiotic into other target tissues is not well established. Authors provide insight on pretomanid pharmacokinetics in the central nervous system, using positron emission tomography in animal models, and human studies.
Human gut archaeal viruses remain largely unknown. Here the authors present a bioinformatic pipeline to identify viruses of human gut archaea, revealing diversity of archaeal viruses, their hosts and their functional gene repertoire in the human gut.
Binary nanoparticle superlattices exhibit different collective optical, magnetic, and electronic properties. Here, the authors develop an efficient global optimization algorithm for the discovery of periodic 2D architectures forming at fluid interfaces.
Convolutional operation is a very efficient way to handle tensor analytics, but it consumes a large quantity of additional memory. Here, the authors demonstrate an integrated photonic tensor processor which directly handles high-order tensors without tensor-matrix transformation.
A 3D wide-field fluorescence microscopy method is introduced based on optical astigmatism combined with fluorescence source localization. It enables transcranial cortical microcirculation mapping in murine brain with high spatiotemporal resolution.
Bacteria and their viruses coexist and coevolve in nature, but maintaining them together in the lab is challenging. Here, a spatially structured environment allowed prolonged coevolution, with bacteria and phage diversifying into multiple ecotypes, uncovering gene mechanisms affecting phage-bacteria interactions.
Microporous organic nanotubes (MONs) hold considerable promise for designing molecular-sieving membranes because of high microporosity, customizable chemical functionalities, and favorable polymer affinity. Here, the authors report the usage of MONs derived from covalent organic frameworks to engineer 15-nm-thick microporous membranes via interfacial polymerization.
The optimization of organic mixed ionic-electronic conductor is critical to realize high performance organic electrochemical transistors. Here, the authors demonstrate the removal of residual palladium impurities to be the key factor to achieving a figure-of-merit of [μC*] of over 2000 V−1 cm−1 s−1.
The pursuit of efficient C–N bond formation is a prime focus of synthetic organic chemistry. Here, the authors documented a base promoted amination between alkyl iodides and diazonium salts via halogen-atom transfer (XAT) process.
Neuromedin U receptor 2 is an emerging attractive target for treating obesity. Here, a Cryo-EM structure of NmU-25–NMU2–Gi1 provides the structural basis for the designation of highly selective drugs.
A detailed multi-staged single cell atlas of heart development could improve our understanding of cell type diversification during cardiac development. Here, the authors generated a large dataset with cells from embryonic and neonatal hearts to identify the stage and chamber specific features in heart development.
Tsp-1 in the tumor microenvironment is known to suppress tumor growth and progression. Here the authors show that PRSS2 represses Tsp-1 by binding to lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 and suggest targeting PRSS2 mediated Tsp-1 repression as a potential therapeutic strategy.
The authors identify nanobodies from immunized alpaca with broadly neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-1, SARS-CoV-2 variants, and major sarbecoviruses. One representative nanobody binds to a highly conserved epitope on RBD and protects K18-hACE2 mice from Omicron and Delta infection.
Design of recombinases with new target sites is usually achieved through cycles of directed molecular evolution. Here the authors report Recombinase Generator, RecGen, an algorithm for generation of designer-recombinases; they perform experimental validation to show that this can predict recombinase sequences.
While electrochemical conversion of nitrate to ammonia offers a renewable means to remediate waste compounds, it is challenging to achieve selective catalysis. Here, authors demonstrate a strategy to improve electrocatalytic ammonia production using cobalt phosphide on carbon nanosheet arrays.