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Autophagy has emerged as a drug target for various diseases including cancer and neurodegeneration. Small molecules that affect components of the autophagic machinery and signaling pathways have led to new insights into autophagic mechanisms and also serve as lead compounds for therapeutic application.
TAP is an ABC transporter that contributes to antigen presentation by transporting peptides from the cytosol to the ER lumen for loading onto MHC-I. Viral evaders of the host immune system take advantage of TAP’s structure as well as its ATP-binding ability and have provided new insight into its function.