Articles in 2024

High-resolution time differences between six Middle Palaeolithic hearths from El Salt Unit x (Spain) obtained through archaeomagnetic and archaeostratigraphic analyses show sometimes decade-long intervals between hearths.

The authors identify naturally occurring senescent glia in aged Drosophila brains and decipher their origin and influence, determining that they can appear in response to neuronal mitochondrial dysfunction and that they promote lipid accumulation, indicating that these cells link key ageing phenomena.

Command-like descending neurons in Drosophila melanogaster recruit additional descending neuronal networks to co-ordinate behaviours that require multiple motor subroutines controlling numerous body parts.

We introduce a self-assembly strategy that uses the interface of an aqueous two-phase system to template and stabilize molecularly thin biomimetic block copolymer bilayers of scalable area that can exceed 10 cm² without defects.

Scaling neural machine translation to 200 languages is achieved by No Language Left Behind, a single massively multilingual model that leverages transfer learning across languages.

A global assessment of conservation interventions for threatened species across a range of data sources finds that interventions for most species remain insufficient or absent.

A study shows that epididymal spermatozoa are sensitive to preconception diet, identifies mitochondrial tRNAs and their fragments as sperm-borne factors and demonstrates epigenetic inheritance of mitochondrial tRNAs.

Microbial pre-emption of mineralized soil P limits the capacity of trees for increased P uptake and assimilation under elevated CO₂ and therefore restricts their capacity to sequester extra C.

Charged-sorbents are a new class of designer sorbent materials for the capture of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, and can be regenerated at low temperatures with direct heating generation using renewable electricity.

Many companies unknowingly advertise on websites that publish misinformation despite the reputational and financial risks, and increased transparency for consumers and advertisers could counter unintended ad revenue going to misinformation websites.

Nascent transcription in genes and enhancers genome-wide at the single-cell level is quantified using global run-on and sequencing (GRO–seq) with click chemistry.

Unusual electronic states derived from topological helix chains were observed that support the emergent bound states in elemental tellurium.

Difference-in-differences analysis indicates that the decision by Twitter to deplatform 70,000 users following the events at the US Capitol on 6 January 2021 had wider effects on the spread of misinformation.

Direct visualization of oxygen vacancies and self-doped ligand holes reveals the role of ligand oxygen in La₃Ni₂O_7−δ and provides further understanding of superconducting nickelate materials.

Bose–Einstein condensate of sodium–caesium molecules is observed by means of evaporative cooling and collisional shielding.

In this work, stable trapping of a two-dimensional Wigner crystal of above 500 ions is achieved, and the quantum simulation of 300 ions with individual state detection demonstrated.

A modular quantum system-on-chip architecture integrates thousands of individually addressable spin qubits in two-dimensional quantum microchiplet arrays into an integrated circuit designed for cryogenic control, supporting full connectivity for quantum memory arrays across spin–photon channels.

The transcription factor Myb-M is the earliest determinant of male fate in the parasite Cryptosporidium parvum.

Assessment of surface contamination shows that trace oxygen is a key factor influencing the trajectory and quality of graphene grown by low-pressure chemical vapour deposition, with oxygen-free synthesis showing increased reproducibility and quality.

Reference assemblies of great ape sex chromosomes show that Y chromosomes are more variable in size and sequence than X chromosomes and provide a resource for studies on human evolution and conservation genetics of non-human apes.