Articles in 2019

A deep-learning algorithm trained with retinal images and subject metadata from the UK Biobank predicts blood-haemoglobin levels.

A non-invasive biomarker of the degree of collective order of monolayers of corneal endothelial cells cultured for transplantation predicts the long-term prognosis of corneal restoration in patients.

The simultaneous removal of endogenous T-cell receptor α-chains and β-chains, and the orthotopic placement of an exogenous receptor in human T cells via CRISPR gene-editing, prevents the mispairing between endogenous and transgenic receptors while preserving the cells’ function.

In injured intervertebral discs, disruptions in fibre organization and in cellular contractility result in a fibrotic phenotype and progressive tissue degeneration.

Functional changes in leukocytes isolated from 50-μL samples of peripheral blood from sepsis patients correlate with the patients’ clinical status.

A data-clustering method that incorporates prior knowledge of biological context reveals prognostic signatures of proteomic expression in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia.

Personalized computational modelling of optimal ablation targets on heart tissue guides the treatment of patients with persistent atrial fibrillation.

Computationally designed antibody–drug conjugates easily self-assemble via affinity ligands that non-covalently link a therapeutic drug to conserved sites on native IgG antibodies.

Applying motion correction to standard foetal magnetic resonance imaging via image-registration techniques improves the diagnostic evaluation of cardiovascular structures in foetuses.

A deep-learning model for cancer detection trained on a large number of scanned pathology slides and associated diagnosis labels enables model development without the need for pixel-level annotations.

Haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, edited via CRISPR to mimic mutations ameliorating sickle-cell disease, engraft when transplanted in macaques and maintain foetal haemoglobin in circulation.

Orthologues of CRISPR-associated proteins and of viral vectors evade immune recognition in mice, enabling repeated gene therapy.

In the manufacturing of cell-based therapeutics, isolating cells via DNA aptamers is an attractive alternative to magnetic-activated cell sorting.

For genome-wide screens and other applications that require the processing of a large number of cells, the immunomagnetic sorting of cells on a microfluidic chip is a scalable, rapid and cost-efficient alternative to fluorescence-activated cell sorting.

Encapsulation of the therapeutic monoclonal antibody rituximab, and its molecular targeting to brain metastases of B-cell lymphoma, significantly boosts the antibody’s therapeutic effectiveness in mice.

A suite of microelectrodes integrated into glass pipettes, for the simultaneous recording of intracellular and extracellular data in the brains of living mice and rats, yields ground-truth data for the validation of the performance of spike-sorting algorithms.

Drug-loaded nanoparticles that specifically bind to phages infecting cancer-promoting bacteria found in colonic tumours augment the effects of chemotherapy against colorectal cancer in mice.

Skin fibroblasts can be turned into immortal producers of therapeutic extracellular vesicles.

A viscoelastic adhesive cardiac patch with optimal mechanical behaviour, determined using a computational model, restores heart function and slows down pathological remodelling following myocardial infarction in rodents.

Needle-sized photonic devices that slowly dissolve in the body can spectroscopically characterize cerebral temperature, blood oxygenation and neural activity for weeks in unconstrained mice.