Figure 5 - Proposed network circuit controlling the esophageal stage of swallowing.


From the following article

Neural circuits and mediators regulating swallowing in the brainstem

Detlef Bieger and Winfried Neuhuber

GI Motility online (2006)

doi:10.1038/gimo74

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Ach – acetylcholine; AMBc – compact formation of nucleus ambiguus; GABA - gamma-aminobutyric acid; GEJ – gastroesophageal junction; IGLEs – intraganglionic laminar endings; LCNs – local circuit neurons; LMM – lamina muscularis mucosae; NTS – nucleus tractus solitarii; NTSce – central subnucleus; NTSint/is – intermediate and interstitial subnucleus; RFiz – reticular formation intermediate zone; RLN – recurrent laryngeal nerve; SLN – superior laryngeal nerve; TMP – tunica muscularis propria; Xth – vagus nerve

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