Figure 8 - Nasopharyngeal regurgitation.

Contrast is seen in the nasopharynx (black arrows) posterior to the uvula. Contrast is retained in the valleculae and along the back of the tongue. Contrast is seen along the posterior surface of the epiglottis (white arrows) indicating that laryngeal penetration has occurred. Note also squaring of the valleculae and prevertebral soft tissue atrophy, signs of pharyngeal paresis. (Source: Jones B, Kramer SS, Donner MW. Dynamic imaging of the pharynx. Gastrointest Radiol 1985;10:213–224, with permission from the authors.)