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From the following article

Pathophysiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease

Nicholas E. Diamant

GI Motility online (2006)

doi:10.1038/gimo21

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Figure 1

A simple overview of the pathogenesis of gastroesophageal reflux disease.

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Figure 2

Gastroesophageal reflux disease initiates a vicious cycle of increasing esophageal acid exposure.

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Figure 3

The odds ratio (95% confidence intervals) for prevalence of H. pylori in patients with esophagitis in North America24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30 and the Far East.19, 20, 21, 22, 23

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Figure 4

The structure of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES).

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Figure 5

Body position and gastroesophageal reflux causing mucosal injury.

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Figure 6

The phrenoesophageal ligament at the gastroesophageal junction in normal and hiatal hernia.

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Figure 7

Attachment of phrenoesophageal ligand to lower esophageal sphincter.

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Figure 8

Duration (% time) of esophageal pH <4 in control subjects and patients with increasing severity of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

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Table 1

Factors important to the development of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

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