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A recent paper in Nature shows that tumor exosomes expressing unique integrins can determine organotropic metastasis by preparing pre-metastatic niche through their integrins-mediated fusion with and fertilization of organ-specific resident cells.
Classical inflammatory monocytes and their derivative macrophages promote tumor metastasis whereas CD8+ T and NK cells restrict tumor growth. In a recent paper published in Science, Hanna and colleagues demonstrate that another monocyte population, nonclassical patrolling monocytes, is enriched in the microvasculature of tumor-challenged lung and reduces tumor metastasis by recruiting NK cells.
Liquid biopsy is ideal for early diagnosis of cancer and for prognosis upon treatment. Wen et al. describe a methylated CpG tandems amplification and sequencing method to profile hypermethylated CpG islands genome-widely in cell-free DNA, and further identify high performance markers in blood for potential detection of early stage hepatocellular carcinoma.
Adding to the Histone Code at DNA double-strand breaks, Mailand and colleagues now uncover non-degradative ubiquitin marks on linker histone H1 as key signaling intermediates in the DNA damage signal transduction cascade.
A paper recently published in Science reports that adenosine deaminase acting on RNA 1-dependent adenosine-to-inosine editing marks endogenous double strand RNA as self and prevents their immune recognition by cytosolic RNA sensor MDA5.
Inflammasomes control host cell death and inflammation in response to sterile or infectious stimuli. Two recent reports published in Science reveal the structural basis for the assembly of NAIP-NLRC4 inflammasomes.