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Chiuppesi et al. demonstrate that COVID-19 vaccine COH04S1, harboring a synthetic modified vaccinia Ankara-vector, elicits cross-reactive responses against mpox virus (MPXV) similar to those induced by FDA-approved mpox vaccine JYNNEOS in healthy adults and non-human primates. COH04S1 also confers protective immunity against MPXV in a mouse model of mpox.
Spinelli et al. show that non-ventilated lung injury develops within 24 h of unilateral mechanical ventilation in healthy pigs. Pathophysiological alterations included collapse, hypoperfusion, high inspiratory pressure and inflammation and were only partially mitigated by low tidal volume.
Cogno et al. develop and characterize a hybrid agent-based – Monte Carlo model of radiation-induced lung fibrosis in an alveolar segment. The model takes into account spatial data of the dose distribution and replicates in vivo findings for different fractionation schemes and radiation types.
Hoare et al. evaluate whether a self-reporting arteriovenous graft can be used to detect venous stenosis and thrombus formation using in silico, cell culture and pre-clinical swine models. The graft detects differences in blood flow in a swine model following heparin administration.
Leong et al. develop a generative deep learning model that produces analyzable dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans from 3D body surface scans. Model-generated DXA scans are analyzed using clinical commercial software and yield accurate quantities of fat, lean, and bone mass for total body and body subregions.
Ikeguchi et al. established nerve conduits from three patients’ dermal fibroblasts using a bioprinter and transplanted them back into the patients’ nerve defects. No adverse events occurred, and the nerves recovered following the transplant.
Ahmad, Lim, Morieri, Tam et al perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of biomarkers, genetic markers, and risk scores for prediction of cardiovascular outcomes in Type 2 diabetes. A few prognostic markers are identified that provide incremental predictive utility beyond established cardiovascular risk factors.
Mahalingam et al. report findings from a first-in-human dose escalation study of the tumor microenvironment modulator VT1021 in patients with advanced solid tumors. VT1021 is found to be safe and well tolerated and the recommended phase II dose is established based on pharmacokinetic/dynamic properties and preliminary clinical activities.
Semnani-Azad et al. review the evidence on prognostic factors that predict cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes for women, and cardiometabolic profile in offspring subsequent to gestational diabetes. The evidence was of low quality, but some maternal characteristics were predictive of unfavourable outcomes in women and their offspring.
Van Rijthoven et al. develop a deep learning algorithm to quantify tertiary lymphoid structures in cancer histopathology images. Their open access algorithm can facilitate objective, reproducible and automated detection of organized tumor immune infiltrates for the development of prognostic and predictive biomarkers and for basic research.
Batan et al. show that inhibiting the antiangiogenic VEGF165b isoform activates a previously unrecognized miR-17-20a-RCAN3 pathway that induces ischemic endothelial cell angiogenic capacity and promotes M2-like macrophage polarization to achieve perfusion recovery in murine peripheral artery disease (PAD) model.
Kerensky et al. quantify tension across human spinal cords in computational simulations, a cadaveric benchtop model, and a neurosurgical case series. Their direct methodology successfully differentiates stretched spinal cords from healthy states in all sub-studies.
Thomas et al. present a model that integrates household survey and health system data to estimate subnational circumcision coverage in South Africa during scale-up for HIV prevention. Results show considerable, but heterogenous, progress towards increasing circumcision coverage, identifying priority ages and districts to reach national targets.
Aggarwal et al. develop a computational pathology tool to quantitatively characterize the immune-collagen relationship in gynecological cancers. The tool enables the prognostic stratification of patients and provides insights into the biology of the tumor microenvironment.