Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain
the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in
Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles
and JavaScript.
Terrestrial chemolithotrophic microbes living on Martian crustal material produce distinct biosignatures which could be detected by future missions searching for evidence of past life, according to experiments on a Noachian Martian meteorite.
Shifts in the mixing regimes of lakes in a changing climate are projected to vary with altitude, with mid-altitude lakes particularly affected, according to simulations of 29 Swiss lakes with a physical lake model and downscaled climate projections.
Removal of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide from the water column is significant under fully oxygenated conditions, show high latitude Atlantic Ocean bacterial N2O consumption data.
Fossilized anaerobic fungi are identified in the largest impact structure in Europe and may have fuelled methane production in energy-poor anoxic environments, according to microscale observations and isotopic analyses
COVID-19 lockdown-induced low aerosol levels in Western Europe in spring 2020 exerted a far smaller influence on surface irradiation than the dry and cloud-free weather, according to analyses of ground-based and satellite observations and experiments with a radiative transfer model.
Most regions are experiencing mean temperatures which would have been considered extreme in 1880, while what is currently considered extreme may become normal within 10–20 years, according to statistical analyses of regional observational datasets.
The probability of not exceeding the 2 °C climate warming target if all countries meet their nationally determined contributions and continue to reduce emissions lies at around 26%, according to an analysis with a statistically-based probabilistic framework.
Climate actors such as cities, regions, countries and companies show diversity in climate actions with gaps in adaptation and consumption-supply chain emissions reductions, suggests a machine-learning based natural language processing and social network analysis.
Magnesium hydroxide is a sustainable material for CO2 sequestration, according to an acid digestion and electrolysis method using olivine-rich silicate rocks in a fully recoverable system.
Present-day variability of daily maximum temperature at the surface can serve as an emergent constraint on the frequency of heat extremes in a warmer climate, according to tests with a large multi-model ensemble of climate models.
Changes in ice dynamics in the Greenland Ice Sheet are projected to contribute to significantly more mass loss than previously thought, suggesting that proper calibration and accurate representation of ice-ocean interactions are critical.
Regulation improves resilience in resource-based communities but resilience does not guarantee community wellbeing, according to mathematical modeling of resource exploiting industries-community interactions.
The distribution of microplastics in the Eurasian Arctic is controlled by contributions from the Siberian rivers as well as the Atlantic, according to analyses of surface and subsurface water samples.
Hadal trenches—the deepest part of the oceans—are biogeochemically more dynamic and diverse environments than previously suggested, according to in-situ measurements of benthic oxygen uptake rate.
An unsolved fatal accident of 9 Russian mountaineers in the northern Urals in 1959 can be explained by a slab avalanche released due to a slope cut to install the tent and wind-blown snow accumulation affected by an irregular topography, according to analytical and numerical models.
Urban spaces across the United States have developed similarly between 1910 and 2010 by most metrics, however, shape- and structure-related characteristics have developed along more complex trajectories, according to data-driven statistical analyses
Atomic oxygen concentrations in the upper atmosphere can be measured directly with an airborne terahertz heterodyne spectrometer. This approach is probably more accurate than indirect estimates from photochemical models, according to a comparison of the two methods.
Ensemble simulations of regional climate exhibit phases with trajectories either staying close, or strongly diverging. These phases are found to be the same in two different ensembles, one with slightly shifted initial dates and another executed on different platforms.
A nuclear conflict could lead to global cooling followed by a large and sustained El Niño-like response in the tropical Pacific region, according to an evaluation of six scenarios for nuclear conflict with an Earth system model.
Fine-scale, direct measurements of shoaling internal solitary waves reveal that convective breaking and collapse of Kelvin–Helmholtz billows often occur simultaneously and generate turbulence four orders of magnitude larger than in the open ocean.