Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain
the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in
Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles
and JavaScript.
Yingrou Tan et al. present a method streamlining surface creation in 3D imaging by applying the hue-saturation-brightness transformed channels simultaneously. They show the utility of this approach by imaging ear skin following needlestick injury, observing immune cell infiltration.
Maria Blasi et al. report the anti-HIV-1 humoral response elicited in rhesus macaques following vaccination with an SIV-based integrase-defective lentiviral vector (IDLV). They find that a single IDLV-Env immunization induces continuous antibody avidity maturation and boosting with a heterologous HIV-1 Env results in lower peak antibody titers than autologous boost.
Lyons and Kolter describe a single-point mutation in the plasmid-borne gene rapP of Bacillus subtilis that optimizes surfactin transcription to express the minimum required for cooperation. The decrease in the production of this public good significantly prevented the exploitation of cooperative traits by cheaters.
Isabel Ernst et al. use single-molecule FRET measurements and in silico analyses to show the conformational changes of bacterial SecA. They show that the Preprotein Binding Domain is highly dynamic in the absence of ATP and moves toward the Helical Wing Domain when ATP is bound into the “wide open” position.
Arfaxad Reyes-Alcaraz et al. report that galanin induces robust signaling mediated by β-arrestin1/2 and Gαq, whereas an alternative ligand spexin prefers the Gαq-protein signaling pathway. This study provides mechanistic insights into how endogenous ligands can generate biased signaling outputs.
Masako Kurashige et al. investigate the origin of cancer-associated fibroblasts and tumor-associated macrophages in humans. They find that these are derived from bone marrow following sex-mismatched bone marrow transplants.
Peter Otoupal et al. present CHAOS, an approach for preventing the development of antibiotic resistance in E. coli through CRISPR-Cas9-based perturbation of gene expression. They show that multiplexed perturbations decrease fitness of clinically-isolated Carbapenem-resistant E. coli upon antibiotic exposure.
Huang et al. report a fully automated method for collecting and merging data from thousands of in meso-grown microcrystals. This in situ approach provides a fast and efficient way to determine the structures of membrane proteins from fragile microcrystals.
Dvir Harris et al. present the structure of a homolog of the orange carotenoid protein (OCP) C-terminal domain, elaborating on this protein family’s carotenoid transfer mechanism. They observed major structural shifts in the homolog compared to that of the OCP C-terminal domain, with a strong positive impact on carotenoid uptake and delivery.
Ichiro Aoki et al. demonstrate that a K+ channel and a cyclic nucleotide-gated channel regulate the adaptation of thermosensory neurons to temperature fluctuations in C. elegans. This study deepens our understanding of how long it takes for animals to accommodate environmental changes behaviorally.
Torres-Águila et al. report that embryo development of the appendicularian chordate Oikopleura dioica is affected by biotoxins released by phytoplankton blooms. This work shows that these biotoxins may impact marine food webs and that defensome genes of appendicularians could be used to monitor the genetic stress of natural populations.
Matti Annala et al. report the recurrence of new FOXA1 mutations in prostate cancer. These FOXA1 mutations in 3’ untranslated region may prove useful as diagnostic markers for prostate cancer.
Taka-aki Takeda et al. find that zinc deficiency impairs adenine nucleotide metabolism in both cell and rat models leading to delays in extracellular ATP clearance and adenosine generation. The results show that zinc deficiency affects purinergic signaling and may explain why zinc deficiency in humans results in diverse symptoms.
Olivia Walton and Martin Stevens revisit the classic example of the peppered moth, objectively quantifying moth camouflage and predation risk. With bird vision models, pale individuals more closely match lichen backgrounds, and survive better, providing support for this iconic example of natural selection.
Ganasen et al. report the crystallographic structures of human duodenal cytochrome b and its complex with ascorbate and Zn2+. This study provides mechanistic insights into how reducing agents promote the uptake of orally administered iron and may facilitate the development of such interventions.
Marianna Pauletto, Tereza Manousaki et al. present the genome sequence of Sparus aurata, a sequential hermaphroditic fish. Comparative analysis with gonochoristic species shows that sex-biased genes generally evolve more slowly in S. aurata due to stronger functional constraints.
Daniel García-Martínez et al. report Neanderthal lung volume estimates based on measurements from rib bone fossils and lung capacity data from modern humans. They estimate that Neanderthal individuals had approximately 20% higher lung capacity than modern humans, possibly due to higher energy requirements.
Jason Hoeksema et al. report a meta-analysis of the drivers of outcomes in mycorrhizal mutualisms across 646 plant–fungi combinations. They find that evolutionary history explains substantially more variation in the strength of mycorrhizal mutualisms than do ecological factors.
Bin Bai et al. report a simultaneous appearance of equids, ceratomorphs, ancylopods, and brontotheres from the earliest Eocene Lingcha Fauna of the Hengyang Basin, China. This study suggests that the four main groups of perissodactyls diverged as early as the beginning of Eocene, and displayed different dispersal scenarios during the early Eocene.
Francesca Leasi et al. report a comparison of approaches for estimating meiofauna diversity, including metabarcoding and other morphological-based taxonomy methods. They show bias in estimates based on methods and phyla, highlighting the need for a standard procedure for assessing biodiversity.