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Electrochemistry principles coined by Nernst underpins the evolution of a broad spectrum of modern power systems and electronic devices, from renewable energy systems (e.g., batteries) to sensing devices for environmental monitoring (e.g., pollutants detection) and biomedical measurement (e.g., blood electrolyte test). The need and challenges to develop the next-generation devices in these fields are far more complicated than those of Nernst's age, which requires an extended knowledge framework to enable in-depth comprehension of charge transfer, the detection under ultra-low concentrations, and high-precision snapshot of biological processes. In light of this, we bring together a collection of papers that explore the basics of energy, sensing, and biomedical devices via leading-edge electrochemical approaches. In particular, this collection will feature innovative electrochemical strategies (e.g., electrode and waveform designs) in probing the charge carrier motion, the molecular electronic junctions, and the signal transduction pathways for sensing biological specimens.