Tandem Perovskite Photovoltaics

Inverted perovskite solar cells are promising for real-world energy harvesting, but suffer from issues with environmental stability. This Review discusses current understanding of stability in these devices and recent attempts to improve stability, as well as future directions that might enable their market roll-out.

Integrating perovskite photovoltaics with other systems can substantially improve their performance. This Review discusses various integrated perovskite devices for applications including tandem solar cells, buildings, space applications, energy storage, and cell-driven catalysis.

Stress-induced instability of perovskite layers is a critical hurdle for commercialization of perovskite solar cells. Here, the authors introduce a long-alkyl-chain anionic surfactant additive to chemically ameliorate crystallization kinetics and demonstrate devices with long operational stability.

Batch-to-batch reproducibility of device performances is crucial for perovskite photovoltaics moving towards industrialization. Here, the authors show that commercial as-received C₆₀ source materials may coalesce during repeated thermal evaporation processes, jeopardizing such reproducibility.

The superstate configuration in all-perovskite tandem solar cells is disadvantageous for long-term stability. Here, the authors reverse the processing order and demonstrate substrate configuration to bury oxidizable narrow-bandgap perovskites, and achieve efficiency of 25.3% with long stability.

The conventional solution post-treatment is suboptimal for methylammonium-free and cesium/bromide-enriched wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells. Here, the authors develop a 3D-to-2D perovskite conversion approach for a preferential growth, achieving stabilized efficiency of 28.1% for tandem cells.

The disparity in crystallization processes between tin- and lead-based perovskites has been a dominant factor contributing to high defect densities. Here, authors employ a functional molecule to inhibit tin oxidation, realizing monolithic all-perovskite tandems with certified efficiency over 27%.

Interfacial engineering is an effective strategy to improve efficiency of organic solar cells. Here, the authors report two alcohol-soluble cathode interfacial materials based on carbolong and achieve device efficiency of 21.7% and long thermal stability in perovskite/organic tandem solar cells.