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Animal cognition and personality are key areas within animal behavioural ecology, encompassing recent developments in animal culture and temperament, as well as more traditional subjects like tool-use. Personality and cognition are of course highly dependent on animal and context; to this end, researchers study animals from ants to chimpanzees, both in captivity and in the wild. This collection provides a snapshot of advances across the animal kingdom, in our understanding of how animals learn and innovate, as well as how they form relationships and communicate.