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The regulation of cell death is an important process in maintaining tissue homeostasis in organs and is associated with a variety of physiological and pathological conditions. In addition to the well-defined necrosis and apoptosis, several new types of cell death processes have been identified, such as pyroptosis, necroptosis, and ferroptosis. To develop therapeutic tools for cancer, immune diseases, infections and metabolic pathologies, it is essential to understand the role of different regulators and effectors of each cell death process. Therefore, in this special issue, we review several recent studies on the regulation of different types of cell death and their role in health and disease. We also discuss recent trends in cell death to improve our understanding of the role of different types of cell death pathways.