Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were long considered unwanted and dangerous by-products of mitochondrial metabolism, specifically oxidative phosphorylation. More recently, evidence has indicated that mitochondrial ROS are also essential signalling molecules that unexpectedly promote longevity, through a mechanism termed mitohormesis. In this issue, Timblin et al. expand this concept to immunity, specifically macrophage function, by demonstrating that mitochondrial ROS are required to prevent an excessive immune response.
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Zarse, K., Ristow, M. Mitochondrial ROS signals prevent excessive immune response. Nat Metab 3, 588–589 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s42255-021-00387-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s42255-021-00387-7
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