Studies in melanoma and lung cancer indicate that shifting use of immune checkpoint inhibition from palliative stages to the neoadjuvant setting improves response rates and patient outcomes. Three studies now show that neoadjuvant programmed cell death 1 (PD1) inhibition modulates the immune tumour microenvironment — but does this effect translate into a real patient benefit?
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M.P. has received research support from Boehringer-Ingelheim, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck Sharp & Dome and Roche and honoraria for lectures, consultation or advisory board participation (all <€5,000) from AbbVie, Astra Zeneca, Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, CMC Contrast, Daiichi Sankyo, Eli Lilly, Gerson Lehrman Group (GLG), GlaxoSmithKline, MEDahead, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Mundipharma, Novartis and Roche. A.S.B. has received research support from Daiichi Sankyo and honoraria for lectures, consultation or advisory board participation from Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Merck, Daiichi Sankyo and Roche as well as travel support from AbbVie, Amgen and Roche.
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Berghoff, A.S., Preusser, M. Does neoadjuvant anti-PD1 therapy improve glioblastoma outcome?. Nat Rev Neurol 15, 314–315 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41582-019-0178-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41582-019-0178-0
