Skip to main content

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

  • Article
  • Published:

Beliefs and counseling practices among dermatologists regarding sexual and other adverse effects of finasteride

Abstract

Finasteride may cause low libido and erectile dysfunction and the product label of finasteride also includes post-marketing reactions of sexual dysfunction that continued after discontinuation of treatment, as well as male infertility and depression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the beliefs and counseling practices among dermatologists regarding adverse effects of finasteride. Anonymous paper surveys were personally distributed to 122 attendees at two annual major dermatology meetings. The participation rate was 82% with 47% women and 77% residents of the United States. 51% of respondents believed that finasteride could cause sexual side effects and 18% believed that it could cause persistent sexual side effects. Fewer than a quarter believed that finasteride could cause depression or lower sperm counts. When initiating finasteride, 69% of respondents counseled at least half of their patients about potential sexual side effects with 52% for persistent sexual side effects and 30% for depression. This study identifies the need for greater awareness of the potential adverse effects of finasteride and identifies opportunities for improvement in counseling practices that reflect finasteride’s product labeling.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution

Access options

Buy this article

Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

Additional data are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

References

  1. Lee S, Lee YB, Choe SJ, Lee WS. Adverse sexual effects of treatment with finasteride or dutasteride for male androgenetic alopecia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Derm Venereol. 2019;99:12–17.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Irwig MS, Kolukula S. Persistent sexual side effects of finasteride for male pattern hair loss. J Sex Med. 2011;8:1747–53.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Cecchin E, De Mattia E, Mazzon G, Cauci S, Trombetta C, Toffoli G. A pharmacogenetic survey of androgen receptor (CAG)n and (GGN)n polymorphisms in patients experiencing long term side effects after finasteride discontinuation. Int J Biol Markers. 2014;29:e310–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Ganzer CA, Jacobs AR, Iqbal F. Persistent sexual, emotional, and cognitive impairment post-finasteride: a survey of men reporting symptoms. Am J Mens Health. 2015;9:222–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Unger JM, Till C, Thompson IM, Tangen CM, Goodman PJ, Wright JD. et al. Long-term consequences of finasteride vs placebo in the prostate cancer prevention trial. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2016;108:djw168. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djw168.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  6. Welk B, McArthur E, Ordon M, Anderson KK, Hayward J, Dixon S. Association of suicidality and depression with 5alpha-reductase inhibitors. JAMA Intern Med. 2017;177:683–91.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  7. Irwig MS. Depressive symptoms and suicidal thoughts among former users of finasteride with persistent sexual side effects. J Clin Psychiatry. 2012;73:1220–3.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Uzunova V, Sheline Y, Davis JM, Rasmusson A, Uzunov DP, Costa E, et al. Increase in the cerebrospinal fluid content of neurosteroids in patients with unipolar major depression who are receiving fluoxetine or fluvoxamine. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1998;95:3239–44.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  9. Romeo E, Ströhle A, Spalletta G, di Michele F, Hermann B, Holsboer F, et al. Effects of antidepressant treatment on neuroactive steroids in major depression. Am J Psychiatry. 1998;155:910–3.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Frye CA, Walf AA. Hippocampal 3alpha,5alpha-THP may alter depressive behavior of pregnant and lactating rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2004;78:531–40.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Frye CA, Walf AA. Changes in progesterone metabolites in the hippocampus can modulate open field and forced swim test behavior of proestrous rats. Horm Behav. 2002;41:306–15.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Surendran P, Stewart ID, Au Yeung VPW, Pietzner M, Raffler J, Wörheide MA, et al. Rare and common genetic determinants of metabolic individuality and their effects on human health. Nat Med. 2022;28:2321–32.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  13. Amory JK, Wang C, Swerdloff RS, Anawalt BD, Matsumoto AM, Bremner WJ, et al. The effect of 5alpha-reductase inhibition with dutasteride and finasteride on semen parameters and serum hormones in healthy men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007;92:1659–65.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Samplaski MK, Lo K, Grober E, Jarvi K. Finasteride use in the male infertility population: effects on semen and hormone parameters. Fertil Steril. 2013;100:1542–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Tu HY, Zini A. Finasteride-induced secondary infertility associated with sperm DNA damage. Fertil Steril. 2011;95:e13–4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Elzanaty S, Giwercman YL, Giwercman A. Significant impact of 5alpha-reductase type 2 polymorphisms on sperm concentration and motility. Int J Androl. 2006;29:414–20.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Birch MR, Dissing S, Skakkebæk NE, Rehfeld A. Finasteride interferes with prostaglandin-induced CatSper signalling in human sperm. Reproduction. 2021;161:561–72.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Yim E, Nole KL, Tosti A. 5α-Reductase inhibitors in androgenetic alopecia. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2014;21:493–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Trüeb RM, Régnier A, Dutra Rezende H, Gavazzoni Dias MFR. Post-finasteride syndrome: an induced delusional disorder with the potential of a mass psychogenic illness? Skin Appendage Disord. 2019;5:320–6.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  20. Belknap SM, Aslam I, Kiguradze T, Temps WH, Yarnold PR, Cashy J, et al. Adverse event reporting in clinical trials of finasteride for androgenic alopecia: a meta-analysis. JAMA Dermatol. 2015;151:600–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Ho RS. Ongoing concerns regarding finasteride for the treatment of male-pattern androgenetic alopecia. JAMA Dermatol. 2021;157:25–26.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Mondaini N, Gontero P, Giubilei G, Lombardi G, Cai T, Gavazzi A, et al. Finasteride 5 mg and sexual side effects: how many of these are related to a nocebo phenomenon? J Sex Med. 2007;4:1708–12.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Traish AM. Post-finasteride syndrome: a surmountable challenge for clinicians. Fertil Steril. 2020;113:21–50.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Contributions

MSI and ED conceived and designed the study. JS and DL acquired the data. MSI and NT analyzed and interpreted the data. MSI drafted the article. MSI, JS, DL, NT, and ED revised the article for intellectual contents. MSI, JS, DL, NT, and ED provided the final approval of the completed article.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Michael S. Irwig.

Ethics declarations

Competing interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

Ethics approval

This study was approved by the Beth Israel Deaconess IRB.

Additional information

Publisher’s note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Irwig, M.S., Sanz, J., Lin, D. et al. Beliefs and counseling practices among dermatologists regarding sexual and other adverse effects of finasteride. Int J Impot Res (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41443-023-00750-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41443-023-00750-0

Search

Quick links