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Three representative types of WAXD/SAXS patterns to establish the bimodal structure concept of stacked lamellae in isotactic polypropylene spherulites

Polymer Journal volume 56, pages 491–503 (2024)Cite this article

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Abstract

Two types of lamellar stacking model were proposed for the inner structure of the melt-grown spherulites of isotactic polypropylene (iPP): the edge-on structure (flat lamellar planes stand on the spherulite plane, and a*-axis // growth direction of spherulite, b-axis ┴ spherulite plane, and c-axis // spherulite plane) and the flat-on structure (flat lamellar planes lay on the spherulite plane, a*-axis // growth direction, b-axis // spherulite plane, and c-axis ┴ spherulite plane). After a literature review was performed, the observed X-ray scattering data were not high quality and could not be used to establish these bimodal structures; moreover, the X-ray data analyses were not performed satisfactorily. As a result, the derivations of actual structures were still debatable. We performed simultaneous time-resolved WAXD/SAXS measurements using a synchrotron X-ray microbeam technique. The collected data were classified into three sets of completely different WAXD/SAXS patterns. Detailed quantitative analysis enabled the determination of the spatial orientations of the stacked lamellae and related crystallographic axes. Although the bimodal structure of iPP spherulites was considered to be a well-known and already-established concept for long years, the bimodal structure was successfully confirmed for the first time in the present study, making the concrete discussions on the growth mechanism of the iPP spherulites possible.

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Acknowledgements

This work was performed at the beamline 03XU of SPring-8, Harima, Japan, with the approval of the Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI) (Proposal No. 2020A7225).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Future Industry-Oriented Basic Science and Materials, Toyota Technological Institute, Tempaku, Nagoya, 468-8511, Japan

    Kohji Tashiro

  2. Aichi Synchrotron Radiation Center, Knowledge Hub Aichi, Minami-Yamaguchi, Seto, 489-0965, Japan

    Kohji Tashiro & Hiroko Yamamoto

  3. Toyobo Research Center, Toyobo Co. Ltd., 2-1-1 Katata, Otsu, 520-02, Japan

    Ken-ichi Funaki

  4. Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, SPring-8, Kouto, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan

    Hiroyasu Masunaga

  5. Vehicle Material Development Department, Mobility Material Engineering Division, Toyota Motor Corporation, Toyota, 471-8572, Japan

    Yuichi Miyake

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Tashiro, K., Yamamoto, H., Funaki, Ki. et al. Three representative types of WAXD/SAXS patterns to establish the bimodal structure concept of stacked lamellae in isotactic polypropylene spherulites. Polym J 56, 491–503 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41428-024-00893-x

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